PROCEEDINGS OF UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 593 



Eye small, slightly less tbau iuterorbital space, 5 iu Lead. Maxillary 

 2f iu bead, the distance from tip of snout to angle of mouth 2f ; pre- 

 opercle very wide, tbe posterior margin strongly convex, little oblique, 

 tbe angle very bluntly rounded; a single series of evident pores along 

 lower margin of preopercle; subopercle moderate, tbe greatest width 

 If in orbit; bead 3| in length (without caudal). 



First dorsal normally with 12 spines. 



Scales minute, not forming a corselet. 



Specimens examined from tbe coasts of Xew England and Virginia, 

 and from Venice and Genoa, Italy. 



aa. Air bladder present, well developed {Pneumatophorus, subgeu. nov.). 

 h. Sides below silvery, Immaculate. 

 2. S. PNEUMATOPHORUS De la Roche. 



Scomber pneumatoplwrm. De la Roche, Ann. du Mus. d'Hist. Nat. xiii, 335- 

 Cuv. & Val. ix, 36. Gervais et Boulart, Poissons de France, ii, 119. Gig- 

 lioli, Elenco Sistematico dei Peaoi di Italia, 24. Giinther, ii, 359. 

 Scomber (jrex Mitch., Trans. Lit. and Phil. Soc, N. Y. 1815, 422. 

 Scomber grex Cuv. & Val., ix, 46. 

 f Scomber vernalis Cuv. «fe Val., ix, 48. 

 Scomber diego Ayrcs, Proc. Cal'a Acad. Nat. Sci. 1856, 92. 



Top of bead with a very conspicuous transparent area, appearing 

 whitish in alcoholic specimens. Eye somewhat larger, its diameter 

 greater than iuterorbital space, 4f in head. Maxillary 2f in head, the 

 distance from tip of snout to angle of mouth, 2f in head; posterior 

 margin of preopercle straight or even slightly concave, the angle much 

 less blunt, and tbe inferior margin more nearly straight than in scom- 

 hrus; many very minute pores along lower part of preopercle, not ar- 

 ranged in series; subopercle wider than in scombrus, the greatest width 

 1^ in diameter of orbit; opercle with a deeper emargination opposite 

 base of pectoral. Head 3i iu length (without caudal). 



First dorsal normally with 9 spines; pectoral 2f in head. 



Scales larger ; those in lateral line more conspicuous ; those around 

 pectoral fin enlarged, forming a distinct corselet. 



Specimens from Santa Barbara, Cal., from the coast of New England, 

 and from Venice, Italy, show no appreciable differences. 



H. Sides below with very numerous, roundish, or oblong, dusky-olive blotches. 

 3. S. COLIAS Gmelin. 



nZacerto or Colias, Cetti, Hist. Nat. Sard, iii, 190. 



?? Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 1788, 1.329. 



Risso, Ichthyologie de Nice, 1810, 171. * 



? Rahnesque, Indice d'lttiologia Siciliaua, 1810, 20. 



? Walbaum, Art. Pise. 1792, 209. 



? Bloch & Schneider, Syst. Ichth. 1801,22. 



Cuv. & Val. Hist. Nat. des Poiss. ix, 39. 



Storer, Syuop. Fish. N. A. 342. 



DeKay, N. Y. Fauna Fishes, 104. 



Day, Fishes Great Britain, 91. 



Gunther, ii, 361. 



Proc. Nat. Mus. s2 38 83. April 3^, 1883. 



