The Clausula in Aminiamts Marcclliuus. 207 



accent, — .such a shift, for example, as ap])ears to occur in ilium 

 patreni and the hke in Plautus and Terence. To its influence, 

 however, we must attribute encHsis and prochsis, of which the ex- 

 amples in Ammianus are frequent but not especially remarkable. 

 As a rule they are monosyllaljles, including forms of esse, prepo- 

 sitions, conjunctions, and pronouns. But proclitic dissyllables, usu- 

 ally prepositions, sometimes occur, as in I. 11.2 tunc apud Siden, 

 II. 41. 21 dimicans inter primos, I. 235. 27 discubuit inter ceteros. It 

 is noteworthy that Ammianus' usage is not entirely con.sistent, since 

 on the one hand words ordinarily atonic sometimes bear accent, and 

 on the other hand words that are ordinarily accented are sometimes 

 atonic. Thus monosyllabic forms of esse are not uncommon as the 

 first word in I (so I. 9. 18 scopulis sunt controversa ; 16. J 4 inditutn 

 est cognonientum ; II. 224. 23 iustuni quid sit ignoranti), and vice 

 versa we find monosyllabic nouns deprived of their natural accent 

 in cases like I. 167. 27 sagittariorum pars maior; 256. 19 mea mens 

 mtgurat; II. 267. 17 splendore liinari nox fulgens. So there are 

 many diss\'llal)les that seem to have an abnormally heavy accent 

 (as I. 14. 7 pubc tc'nus amicti; 16, 26 atque macstitiain-^ 235. 13 erat 

 acturus; 256. 17 esse vertendum; 256. 30 iter si'iuin pracire; II. 136. 19 

 saevum quideni d rudein ; 144. 9 ille Cretrnsis), and a few that are 

 used as if they were atonic, of which the most conspicuous case 

 is I. 51. 16 noyi potest corpus. Such peculiarities may fairl}^ be as- 

 cribed to the working" of sentence-accent, although we cannot ex- 

 clude the possibility that in some cases the stress or the lack of it 

 may be effected arbitrarily in the effort to secure a clausula. 



Though the clausula teaches us little about sentence-accent, it 

 brings out a number of interesting points in regard to word-accent. 

 Let us first consider the composita. 



In uiagisquam and potiusquam we have two compounds not 

 previously recognized. For the one I may cite I. 248. 24 magisquam 

 consultius and II. 127. 29 magisquam severus: for the other, I. 298.3 

 potiusquam fluit, 137. 12 potiusquam simultate, and II. 41. 8 potius- 

 quam tdel)atur} Another new compound is rtiamtum, as in II. 162.4 

 ctia<utum discordes, I. 209.21 etiamtum infirnuum, II. 247. 11 etiamtum 

 adorentur (I. 135. 19; 148. 5; 166. 32; 251. 10; II. 25. 4; 63. 27; 

 90. 1; 139. 18). But this compound is not entirely crystallized, for 

 not only are there cases in which turn has an accent of its own 



' On the sj'llabic ?/ see below. It is only from cases of this sort that 

 we can get decisive evidence as to the accent of potmsqitam, for in- 

 stances like II. 240. 9 potmsquam tiniori miglit also be read pofius qiiam 

 timori (form III). 



