Nutrition Investigations. 



295 



Occurrence and Nature of Levulans. 



A number of polysaccharide carbohydrates yielding levulose on 

 inversion have been described. They are all levo-rotatory, more or 

 less soluble in cold water and insoluble in alcohol, and easily hydro- 

 lyzed by dilute acid, but have not been investigated sufl&ciently to 

 permit any conclusion to be drawn respecting their relation to one 

 another. The most important of these substances and their sources 

 are shown in the following table:* 



INVESTIGATOR. 



Inulin 



Tubers of dahlia, artichoke, Jerusalem 

 artichoke, elecampane; bulbs of onion, 

 garlic, narcissus, hyacinth, and tube- 

 rose; flowers, seed, etc., of various 

 compositae 



Tanret (321) 

 Chevastelon (291) 



Pseudo-inulin 

 Inulenin 

 Helianthin 

 Synanthrin 



Tubers of dahlia, artichoke, Jerusalem 

 artichoke, elecampane; bulbs of onion, 

 garlic, narcissus, hyacinth, and tube- 

 rose; flowers, seed, etc., of various 

 compositae 



Tanret (321, 322) 



Levulin 



Tubers of Helianthus tuberosus (Jeru- 

 salem artichoke) 



Reidemeister (314) 

 and others 



Phlein 



Rootstalks of Phleum praetense (Tim- 

 othy) 



Ekstrand and Jo- 

 hanson (296) 



Cerosin 



Unripe grains 



Tanret (320) 



Graminin 



Rootstalks of various grasses, e.g., 

 Trisetum alpestre 



Ekstrand and Johan- 



son (296) 

 Harlay (301) 



Triticin 



Dracaena australis and rubra, Triti- 

 cum repens (couch grass) 



Reidemeister (314) 



Sinistrin 



Levulan 



Bulbs of Scilla Maritima (Sea onions 

 or squills) 



Schmiedeberg (318) 

 Reidemeister (314) 



Molasses in beet-sugar industry 



V. Lippmann (309) 



* Cf. V. Lippmann, Chemie der Zuckerarten, Vol. I, pp. 795-807. 



