332 Mary Davies Swartz, 



(3) Do they reappear in the faeces after administration per os? The 

 various experiments will accordingly be discussed in these three 

 groups: (1) Trials with Enzymes; (2) Parenteral Trials; (3) Feeding 

 Experiments. 



TRIALS WITH ENZYMES. 



Approximately 1 per cent solutions of the various hemicelluloses 

 (with the exception of Limu Lipoa, which was finely ground and sus- 

 pended in water), have been digested for 24 hours at 37.5° C. in the 

 presence of toluene, with the following enzymes: (1) Filtered human 

 saliva. (2) Malt diastase, dialyzed sugar-free. (3) "Taka" dias- 

 tase {Eurotium oryzae). (4) Chloroform extract of pig's pancreas. 

 (5) Fresh pancreatic juice of dogs. (6) Chloroform water extract 

 of dog's intestines. (7) Glycerol extract of pig's stomach. 



Digestions have also been made with 0.2 per cent hydrochloric acid, 

 to determine whether any of the action of the artificial gastric juice 

 might be due to the acid present. The acti\dty of the amylolytic 

 enzymes has always been tested first with starch paste, and that of 

 the gastric extract with fibrin. Boiled controls have been employed 

 in every instance, and all trials have been made in duplicate. 



Tests for reducing sugar have been conducted in the following 

 manner: At the end of 24 hours the solutions were evaporated to 

 thick syrups on the water bath, to free from toluene and to concen- 

 trate so that the undigested hemicelluloses could be readily precipi- 

 tated by absolute alcohol. The alcoholic extracts were filtered ofi 

 and evaporated to dryness; the residues were taken up in a few drops 

 of water and tested for sugar with Fehling's solution. The results 

 of all digestion trials are shown in the table on opposite page. 



PARENTERAL INJECTIONS. 



Methods and Technique. 



Small dogs were used for all injections, after a confinement in cages 

 long enough to obtain samples of normal urine. The carbohydrates 

 employed in these experiments were preparations of dulse, ^ Irish nioss,^ 

 salep,^ and sinistrin.* They were introduced subcutaneoiisly, by means 



iCf. p. 303. 

 2Cf. p. 308. 

 3Cf. p. 312. 

 <Cf. p. 315. 



