102 



Føde. Hos de Individer, der aabnedes for at under- 

 Søge Yentrikelens Iudliold. fandtes dette at udgjøre i Re- 

 gelen mindre Dyr. især Orustaceer. 



Individet /. optaget fra 1110 Favnes Dyb. indelioldt 

 af bestembare Dele et Par Amphipoder, hvoriblandt en 

 Phoxus crenulatus, (Boeck), samt en Dulichia, sp.; frem- 

 deles et Exemplar af den blodrøde Decapode Hymenodora 

 glacialis (Buchh.). et stort Individ af en Isopode, der tid- 

 ligere var opført som Idothea sabini, Kr., men som afProf. 

 G. 0. Sårs i 1880 er beskreven som en ny Art under 

 Navn af Chiridothea megalura. Endelig fandtes eii -jDel 

 Calanus finmarchicus, (Grunn.). 



Individet m, optaget fra 1333 Favne, bavde i Ven- 

 trikelen et usædvanligt stort Individ af Themisto libeUula, 

 (Mandt). et Exemplar af Eurycope cornuta, Gl. < >. Sårs, 

 samt Dele af en Spongie. 



Individet o. optaget sammen med fofegaående fra 

 1333 Favne, indelioldt et Exemplar af Hymenodora glacia- 

 lis. (Buchh.). et Exemplar af den samme 'nye Chiridothea 

 vwyalara. G. O. Sårs. samt af Amphipoder Themisto libelr 

 hda, (Mandt). samt en Stegocephalus, sp. Endelig fandtes 

 Dele af Kappen af en Cephalopode, der maaske tilhørte 

 den under Expeditionen fra et lignende Dyb optagne Art 

 •af Slægten Cirrotheufhis. 



Individet g, optaget fra 260 Favnes Dyb, indelioldt af 

 Amphipoder tiere Exemplarer af Themisto MbeMula, (Mandt). 

 samt et Exemplar af en Anonyx; af Isopoder Eurycope 

 cornuta. G. 0. Sårs; af Copepoder (Manus finmarchicus, 

 (Gunn.) i adskillige Exemplarer. samt et Individ af en 

 endnu ubestemt Slægt af Calanider. der af Prof. Sårs 

 ansees for at staa nær Slægten Euchaeta : endelig af Cuma- 

 ceer en Diastylis stygia, G. O. Sårs. 



Endelig fandtes i det største Individ (p), optagen fra 

 1110 Favnes Dyb. en stor Pasiphde tarda. Kr. 



Det fremgaar af disse Lycoders Næringsmidler, at de 

 .fleste af de velbekjendte. ægte pelagiske Sodyr. der til visse 

 Tider i enorme Masser ere udbredte i de alleroverste Vand- 

 lag. ogsaa formåa at trænge ned til de allerstørste Dybder, 

 hvor vi hidtil have kunnet granske Ishavets Dyreliv; og at 

 Lycoderne maa opfattes som udprægede Bundhske. og derfor 

 blot kunne hente sine Næringsmidler ved eller paa Bun- 

 den, fremgaar bl. a. af den Omstændighed. at der blandt 

 Næringsmidlerne lios L. frigidus indgaa Former, som den 

 ovennævnte Chiridothea, der neppe er istand til at hæve 

 sig synderligt op fra Bunden. 



Opbevarede levende i et Kar ombord, udviste Indivi- 

 derne ringe Livligbed. men holdt sig gjerne stille i halvt 

 sammenrullet Tilstand, omtrent saaledes. som man kan se 

 hos Zoarces viviparus ; Svømningen skeede med stærke 

 Svingninger af Legemet, Da de lagdes paa Spiritus, vare 

 de dog yderst voldsomme, og viste sig. som de fleste Bund- 

 hske. temmelig seiglivede. 



Udbredelse. Under den Forudsætniiig. at de oftere 

 nævnte 2 spæde Yngel-lndivider. der optoges paa Havbro- 

 ens ydre Skraaning udenfor Lofoten og Helgeland i Norge. 

 ere identiske med L. frigidus, foreligger Arten fra den is- 



Food. - - In the individuals opened with the object of 

 examining the contents of the ventricles, the food was found 

 to consist chiefly of small animals, in particular crustaceans. 



Specimen I, taken at a depth of 1110 fathoms, had 

 in its stomach determinable parts of Amphipods. amongst 

 which were a Phoxus crenulatus, (Boeck)i and a Dulichia, 

 sp. ; also an example of the crimson Decapod, Hymenodora 

 glacialis, (Buchh.). a large Isopod. formerly mentioned as 

 Idothea sabi'ni. Kr.. but which Prof. G. 0. Sars. in 1880. 

 described as a new species under the name of Chiridothea 

 megalura; Anally, divers examples of (Manus finmarchicus, 

 (Gunn.). 



Specimen ;//. taken at a depth of 1333 fathoms, had 

 in its ventricle an exceptionally large individual of Themisto 

 libellula, (Mandt), an example of Eurycope ror nata. G. < >. 

 Sars. and parts of a sponge. 



Specimen o. taken with the foregoing example at a 

 depth of 1333 fathoms, had in its stomach an example 

 of Hymenodora glacialis, (Buchh.), an individual of the new 

 species Chiridothea megalura (G. 0. Sars). and of Amphipods. 

 Themisto libellula, (Mandt), and a Stegocephalus, sp. ; finally, 

 parts of a (Vphalopod. possibly belonging to the species of 

 the genus drrotheuthis obtained on the Expedition from a 

 similar depth. 



Specimen-//, taken at a depth of 260 fathoms, had 

 in its stomach — of Amphipods : divers examples of Themisto 

 t Hull ala. (Mandt). and an Anonyx; of Isopods: Eurycope 

 cornuta, G. 0. Sars; of Copepods: Calauus fimiuirchicus, 

 (Gunn.) divers examples, and an individual of a genus of 

 Galanids, not yet determined, which Prof. Sars believes to 

 be ;i near congener of the genus Euchoeta; finally, of Cuma- 

 ceans: a Diastylis stygia. G. 0. Sars. 



The ventricle of the largest specimen (p), taken at a 

 depth of 1110 fathoms, contained a large Pasiphae tarda. Kr. 



It is evident from the food on which these Lyco- 

 des subsist, that most of the well known, true pelagic an- 

 imals, which, at certain seasons, occur in vast quantities 

 near the surface, can descend to the greatest depths in 

 which we have as yet been able to investigate the Fauna 

 of the Polar Seas : and that the Lycodes — which must un- 

 questionably be regarded as strongly marked bottom-fishes 

 — do seek means of subsistence on or near the bottom, 

 is shown, for instance, by the circumstance, that the food 

 of L. frigidus comprises forms such as the above-mentioned 

 Chiridothea, which can hardly ascend far from the bottom. 



Preserved alive on board in a tub of water, the in- 

 dividuals displayed but little vivacity, remaining the greater 

 part of the time half rolled up and motionless, much the 

 same as Zoarces viviparus; in swimming, the body is pow- 

 erfully vibrated. On being immersed in spirits, the) - were 

 exceedingly violent in their movements, and proved rather 

 tenacious of life. 



Distribution. — Assuming the 2 fry-specimens (of 

 which mention has been repeatedly made) that were taken 

 on the outer slope of the great bank, or -sea -bridge." 

 (Havbro). off Lofoten and Helgeland, in Norway, to be 



