74 LIVERPOOL MARINE BIOLOGY COMMITTEE REPORT. 



his "Notes introductory to the study and classification of the 

 Spongida,"* and corresponds with the "teaching collection," 

 arranged hy me in the Free Museum, Liverpool, in trays 

 containing examples of all the groups. 



The specimens obtained by Professor W. A. Herdman 

 will be alluded to with the letters L. M. B. C, with locality 

 and a number, being part of the collection of the Liverpool 

 Marine Biology Committee, and those found by Mr. T. J. 

 Moore and Mr. Higgin, under the letters L. F. M., being 

 part of the collection of the Liverpool Free Museum. 



The specimens in the L. F. M. collection of species, 

 named by Dr. Bowerbank, to which the letter V is attached, 

 were verified by him a few years before his death. This is 

 of considerable importance, because the student finds it very 

 difficult, and in many cases impossible, to recognise Bower- 

 bank's species from his descriptions of them ; whilst, in 

 many instances, his illustrations afi'ord no assistance. 



Order I.— CARNOSA. 

 Family — Halisarcida. 



Halisarca dtijardinii, Johnston. 

 This interesting species, having no spicules or skeletal 

 parts, was first observed by Dujardin on the coast of 

 Normandy in 1838, and by him it was named Halisarca. 

 In 1842 Dr. Johnston found it, and described it in " British 

 Sponges " as Halisarca dujardinii. In 1862 Dr. Oscar 

 Schmidt described a new species difi'ering in form and colour 

 from H. dujardinii, as Halisarca lohidaris. In 1847 Nardo 

 described another aspiculous sponge under the generic name 

 of Chondrosia, and stated that it had for many years been 

 known to the fishermen of the Mediterranean as Carume di 



* Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1875; ser. 4, vol. xvi. 



