TETRANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Exacum. 191 



Hudson referred it to the R. peregrina of Linn, but in that the 

 leaves are perennial. It is certainly embraced by the specific 

 character of the R. tinctorum, but it differs from that in several 

 respects, as appears from an accurate drawing and description 

 obligingly furnished at my request by the Rev. Mr. Swayne, who 

 observes that the flowers have no calyx, that the blossoms have 

 constantly 6 divisions, and 5 stamens. He further remarks that 

 the root is perennial, branched, penetrating deeply into the fis- 

 sures of the rocks; its outer bark red. Stems several, climbing, 

 4-cornered, the angles set with prickles pointing backwards- 

 Lea<ves spear-shaped, somewhat waved at the edge, even and 

 shining on the upper surface, prickly at the edges and along the 

 mid-rib on the under side, from 3 to 6* in a whirl, but mostly 5. 

 The plant in climbing up the rocks and through the shrubs sup- 

 ports itself by means of the prickles on the angles of the stem 

 and under the margins and midribs of the leaves. It seldom pro- 

 duces more than 1 perfect seed, perhaps there are not more than 

 2 or 3 instances on any one plant in which both the seeds attain / 

 perfection. The whole superficies of the plant does not die in 

 the winter, but some of the old stem remains alive, which puts 

 forth fresh shoots in the spring. The leaves which first appear 

 in the spring are rather elliptical, as represented in the figure of 

 Petiver. Mr. Swayne. The uncertain number of leaves in a 

 whirl will hardly permit a specific difference to be founded upon 

 that circumstance, but if the R. tinctorum has 4 stamens and a 

 4-cleft petal, whilst this has always H % the distinction will be 

 sufficiently obvious. Flowers dirty yellow. 



Rubia peregrina. Huds. R. sylvestris aspera. Ray Syn. and 

 Bot. arr. ed. h. R. peregrina, E. bot. Wild Madder. Hedges 

 in Devonshire, near Exmouth. [In the Isle of Wight. St. Wood 



opposite St. Vincent's Rocks, Bristol. Mr. Swayne.] 



P. June, July. 



EX'ACUM. Bloss. 4-cleft, tube globular : Cal 4 



leaves, or with 4 divisions : Caps. 2-furrowed, 

 2-celled, many seeded, opening at the top. 



E. Blossoms with 4 clefts : on long fruit-stalks ; leaves sit-filifor'me. 



ting: Stem forked. 



E. bot. 235-27. dan. 32A-VaiII.6* 3. 





Dr 



About 3 or 4 inches high. Bloss. yellow, generally closed. 

 Smith tTrat rpmr^vprl thic nlanr from the ranus Gentians, and 



y ery properly, for it always stood as an exception to that. From 

 the size of a pin to 4 inches high. In a sunny day the flower 

 °pens fully and is cruciform. It has nothing to do with the 

 Gentians either in taste or in habit. The leaves are so slender 

 and sit so close to the stero x that they are only discernible oc 





