256 PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Viola. 



Dod. 156. \-Ger. em. 850. 2-Pet. 37- 3~Ger. 699. 1 and 

 2-LoL k. i. 60S. <2-Ger. em. 850. l-P*/. 37- \-Matth. 

 USO-Lonic. i. ISO. \~Trag. 558. 1 a?id 2-Fuchs. 311- 



J. 5. iii. 542^ 



Leaf-stalks nearly smooth. Fruit-stalks channelled on the 

 upper side above the floral-leaves. Floivers both with and with- 



out petals, all producing perfect seed. Curt. Blossom rich blue- 

 purple, smelling very sweet. Woodward. 



Sweet Violet. It is liable to a change in the colour of the 

 blossom, from the blue purple to red purple, pale flesh colour, 

 and even white. In the white ones the lateral petals are some, 

 times without the hairs which grow on the inside the claws in 

 the purple kind, but the fragrance is the same. Warm hedges 

 and ditch banks, and in moist warm lanes ; particularly in clay 

 or marie. P. March, April.* 



paWtris. V. Leaves kidney-shaped. 



E. hot. iU-Curt. <l\7~Abbot. Fl. Bed. p. VjQ-Fl. dan. T^ 

 H. ox. v. 35-rorw 2./. i-JV/« 27- x-Allion. 2. 



Calyx skinny, and white at the edge. Petals, the lower of* 

 uniform pale purple colour ; the lateral ones with 1 strong, and 1 

 faint purple line, and a cluster of short stiff bristles near the 

 base ; the upper with about 1 1 purple branched streaks. 

 , Marsh Violet. Moist meadows, peaty and mossy bogs. In 



the North, frequent. [Near Wittonle-Wear. Mr. Bailey. Al- 

 mond Park, Salop. Mr. Aikin. Needwood Forest, Staffordsh. 

 Bogs on Birmingham Heath.] P. April, May* 



(2) Willi a stem. Stipulce entire. 



V. Stem ascending as it attains its full growth : leaves ob- 



long-heart-snaped. 



E. hot. 610-Cart. 108-JFalc-Barr. 695~Lob. ic. \. 609- 1 

 Pet. 37. <~Trag. 558.3-ZW. 156. 3~Lob. ic. i. 6\)<>. 2- 



cani'] 





Ger. em. 851. 6-H. ox. V. f. l 2~Pet. ol '. <±~Gars.6H- 

 Park.par. 285. 1-J. B. iii. 544. I. 



Calyx segments pointed. Curt. At the first opening of the 

 flower it has no stem, but one afterwards grows up, and fruit- 



* The flowers and sc^h are said to be mild laxatives. The powdered 

 root, in doses from 40 to 80 grains, vomits and purges. The petals e'ive 

 the colour to the syrup of Violets, for which purpose they are cultivated 

 in large quantity at Stratford-upon-Avon. This syrup is very useful in 

 in my chemical enquiries, to detect an acid or an alkali, the former chang- 

 ing the blue colour to a red, and the latter to a green. Slips of white 

 paper, stained with jhc juice of the petals, and kept from the air an<* 



light, answer the same purpose. 



t 





