i8 97 . 



GARDENING. 



347 



VIEW IN MAIN BUILDING DURING SPRING SHOW AT THE INTERNATIONAL HORTICULTURAL EXPOSITION AT HAMBURG. GERMANY. 



The Fruit Garden. 



THE K1EFFER AND THE LB CONTE FEARS. 



Since the above named pears have 

 proved to be so well adapted to the 

 climate of the extreme south, the interest 

 in them and in pearculturehasbeen much 

 excited in the states of that section. The 

 kinds common in the north are of but lit- 

 tle use there, while those of oriental 

 parentage, which the Kieffer and Le 

 Conte are, are exactly suited to that 

 climate, doing far better there than in 

 any other part of the country. It has 

 been know for some time that these pears 

 were almost worthless for eating in the 

 far north, and that the farther south it 

 was the better was the fruit. 



These good points in favor ol their cult- 

 ivation in the south are strengthened 

 from the fact that unlike most other 

 pears, they can be easily increased from 

 cuttings. The wood may be cut up like 

 shrub or poplar cuttings and planted 

 out of doors in spring and hardly one will 

 fail to grow. But as the demand for these 

 two kinds is active, especially in Florida, 

 cuttings do not admit of the rapid 

 increase which is necessitated, and bud- 

 ding on the ordinary seedling pear stock 

 has to be resorted to. Some objection has 

 been made to these stocks, because in 

 growth they are hardly as rampant as 

 the others. But this isno objection, if the 

 grafting or budding be done so that the 

 scion when the young tree is planted can 

 be set below the ground. In this case it 



quickly forms roots for itself, becomingin 

 gardening parlance "on its own roots." 

 Where the union is made some distance 

 above ground, the scion, because of its 

 more vigorous growth, bulges out over 

 the stock. In such cases trees have been 

 known to break off in high winds. 



Wherever the increase cannot be accom- 

 plished fast enough by cuttings there need 

 be no hesitation in using the seedlings of 

 the common kind when grafted and 

 planted in the way described. When pear 

 stocks cannot be obtained and apple 

 stocks can, the insertion may be made on 

 these, doing with them as advised with 

 the common pear, namely, setting them 

 low enough to allow of the scions rooting 

 out for themselves. The use of the apple 

 is not satisfactory, as but a poor growth 

 results on the part of the pear, but it feeds 

 and sustains the latter until it has formed 

 roots for its own support. 



It is a pleasure to know that these two 

 pears, the Kieffer and the Le Conte, have 

 proved so well adapted to the south, as 

 it enables lruit growers there to add to 

 their fruit lists something good for home 

 use and profitable for other markets, both 

 sorts being good shippers. 



Philadelphia* Joseph Meehan. 



FALL. BEARING RASPBERRIES. 



To many persons the fruit of the rasp 

 berry in the fall is a luxury, coming as it 

 does when no other fruit of this nature is 

 to be had. There are but two sorts that 

 have proved of any value, of about a half 

 dozen kinds tried, the Catawissa and the 

 Belle de Fontenay. 



At one time the latter sort was much 

 grown by amateurs in these parts, but I 

 have not found many persons growing it 

 of late. Frequently at the horticultural 

 shows held in September, very fine dishes 

 of this berry were to be seen. When 

 shown alongside of the Catawissa they 

 were as a rule far superior to it. Never- 

 theless, perhaps because its merits are not 

 so well known to the gardeners of to-dav, 

 it is now rarely met with, the Catawissa 

 being grown almost solely. Another 

 variety, called Marvel of the Four Sea- 

 sons, a French kind, was tried, but did 

 not prove of any value. 



To have these fall bearing sorts pro- 

 duce well they must be cut down in the 

 spring, so that vigorous young canes 

 will grow, as from these the crop of fruit 

 is to come. The stronger the canes, the 

 better the crop of fruit, hence the import- 

 ance of applying plenty of manure to the 

 ground, and of keeping up a cultivation 

 of the soil while the plants are growing. 



It is not impossible to have fruit on 

 ord nary raspberries when treated as 

 these are, though there is something in 

 the nature of the two kinds mentioned 

 which seems to fit them especially for fall 

 bearing. Joseph Meehan. 



Philadelphia. 



TAB DWARF JUNBBERRY. 



The dwarf juneberry, which at one 

 time was planted solely as an ornamental 

 flowering shrub, has now found a place 

 in the garden among small fruits, a posi- 

 tion it is well entitled to. 



I have found some confusion existing in 

 regard to the identity of this bush. It 



