iSg 7 . 



GARDENING. 



89 



those with a spread of petals of five inches 

 and in color from white to the brightest 

 red and the darkest crimson. The hybrids 

 with double flowers number about 

 twenty-five, ranging in number of petals 

 from twenty to over one hundred. The 

 colors of the General Jacqueminot crosses 

 are brilliant to an unusual extent, asthey 

 combine the rich color of the Jacq. with 

 that of the rugosa petals. As an example, 

 the hybrid we have named "I. A. C." has 

 66 petals — 20 more than Gen. Jacq —is 

 bright dark crimson in color, and the 

 petals are thick, firm and stand out like 

 those of a perfect dahlia. This peculiarity 

 of the petals, derived from the rugosa, is 

 peculiar to most of our hybrids, and to 

 those produced so far in Germany and 

 the United States. 



In addition to our hybrids we have 

 from the great nursery of J. C. Smith, of 

 Erfurt, Germany, several hybrids of the 

 Russian rugosa and the best German 

 roses. The four best of these are Charles 

 Frederick Warth, Empress of the North, 

 Thusnelda and Rosa rugosa H. pi. Of 

 these the C. F. Warth retains most per- 

 fectly the rugosa leaf, and its forty bril- 

 liant crimson petals stand out in bold 

 relief as in the dahlia. Of the hybrids pro- 

 duced in this country from rugosa. Mme. 

 Georges Bruant is the best. It has the 

 rugosa leaf and the pure white petals 

 come out perfectly every season. It is 

 only half double, but the petals close well 

 over the center. 



Why do we say these are the future 

 roses of the prairies, homes and gardens? 

 (1) They are all very hardy. (2) They 

 stand drouth perfectly. (3) Their foliage 

 is free from the attacks of the rose slug,* 

 fungi, etc (4) The}' are tree bloomers well 

 through the season. (5) Their color and 

 fragrance are not excelled by any of the 

 tender roses At present none of these are 

 obtainable, except Madame Georges 

 Bruant, but the best of them will soon be 

 on the market. 



Other rose hybrids: We also crossed, 

 in 1892, the blossoms of our native wild 

 rose (Rosa blanda) with pollen of the 

 best tenJer roses. Most ol the hybrids 

 are single, but in leaf, habit, and blossom 

 they are exceedingly varied. Someofthem 

 have doubls flowers, but have an ordinary 

 pink color. They are hardy, free bloom- 

 ers, and really pretty, yet the}- lack in 

 many respects the beauty and perfection 

 of foliage, the rich shades of color and the 

 rich fragrance of the rugosa hybrids. 



DISEASE OF THE JAPAN LILY. 



Lovers of the beautiful Japan lily have, 

 probably, been alarmed by the news that 

 its existence was threatened by a novel 

 and destructive disease, a description of 

 which is given in the current number of 

 the Kew Bulletin. Fortunately, how- 

 ever, says an exchange, with the account 

 of the bane comes the discovery of an an- 

 tidote. 



The disease appears to have developed 

 with astonishing rapidity. It was prac- 

 tically unknown two years ago, but the 

 crop of bulbs raised last year in Japan for 

 exportation to Europe was almost en- 

 tirely ruined by it. 



The attention of the authorities at Kew 

 was drawn to the matter by a London 

 firm, who forwarded to them for examin- 

 ation a large number of the diseased bulbs. 

 Out of 73,000 bulbs of Lilium speciosum 

 sent to them from Japan only 250 were 

 fit for sale when they arrived in England. 

 Nor was this all, for out of a consignment 

 of Lilium auratum received at a later 

 date, amounting to nearly 40,000, only 

 about one-tenth was unspoiled. The 

 disease is a peculiar form of fungus. The 



HARRIS!! LILY WITH THREE FLOWERING STEMS. 



experts have found that short immersion 

 in a 1 per cent, solution of corrosive sub- 

 limate or of salicylic acid is fatal to Rhizo- 

 pus necans, as this pest is called. 



The growers of these beautiful flowers 

 in Japan will do well to abandon the in- 

 fected ground and to adopt this simple 

 precaution. 



Copy from The Daily Advertiser, Yo- 

 kohama, Japan: 



In reference to the above article, A. 

 Me^-er, of Yokohama, Japan, writes: 



"Concerning this so-called new disease 

 Rhizopus Necans, I would like to say a 

 few words, based on the experience and 

 experiments of one of the oldest business 

 houses in this country engaged ingrowing 

 and exporting lilies. 



This fungous disease is not a late devel- 

 opment, but has been a menace and a dis- 

 couragement to consignors and shippers 

 since lily bulbs have been exported, 

 though such losses as are reported in this 

 article before me have never come to our 

 knowledge. The probable truth is that 

 speculators here or elsewhere, in order to 

 cateh the highest fancy prices, shipped 

 the bulbs at the wrong season. July, 

 August and September in this climate are 

 hot and sultry, with the thermometer 

 averaging 85° to 95°, and are followed 

 by a rainy season that produces a hot- 

 house temperature and an air so saturated 

 with moisture that fungus attacks not 

 only out-door things, but the clothes, 

 books, shoes, etc., in fact, everj-thing iii 



our houses not in daily use. 



One can easily imagine this is a fine 

 condition for growth of plants, but a poor 

 one tor harvesting field products. Bulbs 

 lilted now, not even perfectlv ripe, and 

 packed in boxes to be shipped through the 

 tropics to Europe, stored close to boilers 

 or some heat-producing cargo, afford in 

 the two months' voyage ample opportu- 

 nity and time for the fungus to do its 

 deadly work. 



The danger would not be so great if the 

 bulbseould be harvested and packed with- 

 out injury, which is almost an impossi- 

 bility, as they are very tender. Any small 

 bruise or little injury to the scales affords 

 an opportunity for a herd of fungi toenter 

 and possess the bulb. This in turn affects 

 other bulbs until a whole case is de- 

 stroyed. 



In October comes the warm, dry days, 

 and brisk, refreshing nights. Now the 

 "earth is dried, the harvest season arrvies 

 regulated by Nature itself, the bulbs are 

 ripe and dormant, and the proper time 

 for exporting is at hand. Bulbs hurt in 

 harvest dry and quickly heal on account 

 of the cool, dry weather, therefore satis- 

 factory consignments can be made at that 

 time. 



Bulbs packed and shipped at this time 

 may be expected to reach their destina- 

 tion in fine order, although there are a 

 tew tender varieties that even the most 

 careful treatment cannot effectually pro- 

 [CONTINUED ON PAGE 91.] 



