iSgS. 



GARDENING. 



131 



A VIEW IN GRACELANTJ CEMETERY. 



but not always, a relationship in the 

 same natural order is sufficient, as, for 

 instance, the pyrus and the Crataegus, and 

 the peach and the cherry, which in both 

 cases have been united one on the other. 



Those accustomed to raising seedling 

 fruits from which they hopeforsomething 

 good, hasten the looked for time when 

 fruit will be produced by grafting the 

 seedlings on a good sized tree already in 

 bearing. In the case of an apple or a 

 pear this is a saving of perhaps nearly 

 ten years. Seedlings are slow to bear, 

 while a eion inserted in a bearing tree 

 would be apt to bear in three years, as 

 when once united to the stock its behavior 

 will be the same as a natural branch on 

 the tree. It will be right to mention in 

 this connection that any tree having vari- 

 ous other sorts grafted on it will lose its 

 lateral habit of growth, and in some 

 cases this may be objectionable. As an 

 illustration, the Howell pear is of rather 

 a spreading growth, while the Buffum is 

 as upright almost as a Lombardy poplar. 

 If one of these were worked on the other 

 the incongruity of growth can be imag- 

 ined. 



A word now as to the cutting of wood 

 for cions. Choose vigorous shoots of the 

 past year. Cut them in the winter while 

 entirely dormant. Should the ground be 

 open, bury the cions out of doors, cover- 

 ing them entirely with soil. If this can- 

 not be done or if the other way be pre- 

 ferred, cover them up in boxes of soil and 

 place them in a cool, moist cellar, thereto 

 remain until time to graft. The best 

 time to graft is just as the buds are per- 

 ceptibly swelling on the trees in the open 



air. This denotes activity of the sap, an 

 essential in the union of the cion and the 

 stock. When the two — the cion and the 

 stock — are of small size, say of ] 2-inch 

 diameter or so, the old plan of cleft graft- 

 ing — the splitting of the stock in the cen- 

 ter — is the most expeditious, but in the 

 case of the stock being of larger diameter, 

 the uniting process does not occur in the 

 center, when cions are near the side, and 

 this is objectionable. Whip grafting, 

 which is the placing of the cion on the 

 side, is the hetter way in such cases, as 

 the union is complete, and leaves no gap- 

 ing scar as the other way so often does. 

 Philadelphia. Joseph Meehan. 



MOVING LARGE TREES. 



There are probably as many ways of 

 moving trees of large size from one place 

 to another as there are varieties of posi- 

 tion and men to move them. There is 

 something so grand about a large tree 

 that if it can be transported to a more 

 suitable place than the one it occupies, 

 those who are to enjoy it have gained a 

 great deal. The work has been attempted 

 at Graceland Cemetery with success, and 

 although the subject has been pretty 

 thoroughly written up, yet the question 

 is so vital to the gardener and lover of 

 trees that the statement of it in another 

 way may do no harm. 



In 1S89, two trees sixty feet high, one 

 two feet in diameter, the other two feet 

 four inches, close to one another and 

 growing together as one, were moved for 

 the distance of half a mile to a place 

 within the cemetery. The manner of 



moving was as follows: A trench was 

 dug around the tree at the distance of 

 thirty feet on an average, and the roots 

 uncovered from it toward the tree. A 

 mass of earth was left around the tree to 

 about fifteen feet from it, or rather would 

 have been so on all sides had not the char- 

 acter of the soil brought about a one- 

 sided development. The roots which had 

 been uncovered were taken up, wound in 

 canvas with damp straw or moss to keep 

 them moist, and tied up to the branches, 

 loosely enough not to break, but suffi- 

 ciently to keep them out of the way. This 

 was done very carefully in order to pre- 

 serve every possible root in good condi- 

 tion and perfect vitality. The root-svs- 

 tem was not more than five feet below 

 the surface. The trunks were fastened 

 together with ropes in order to keep 

 them from spreading, and braced with 

 planks spiked from one tree to the other 

 so that they would not move with refer- 

 ence to each other. 



When the roots had been cared for, a 

 channel was dug directly underneath the 

 trunks of the trees under the root-system 

 "and a timber put through. Then three 

 other timbers were put beneath the roots 

 at the sides, all parallel. Planks were 

 put from one to another to hold up the 

 roots whenever there was a tendenev for 

 them to fall. Then the removal "took 

 place as one would move a house. House- 

 moving screws were Dut under, the tim- 

 bers raised and blocked up until high 

 enough to put undertwo bearing timbers 

 supporting the four in use already. These 

 again were raised until high enough to 

 place beneath them rollers and planks 



