i 3 6 



GARDENING. 



Jan. is, 



PUBLISHED THE 1ST AND 15TH OP EACH MONTH 

 BT 



THE GARDENING COMPANY, 



Monon Building, CHICAGO. 



Subscription Price, fi. 00 a Year— 24 NumberB. Adver- 

 tising rates on application. 



Entered at Chicago postoftlce as second-class matter. 

 Copyright, IS'S. by The Gardening Co. 



Address ail communications to The Garden- 

 ing < " Monon Kui'ding, Chicago. 



Gardening Is gotten up for Its readers and In their 

 Interest, and It behooves you. one and all. to make It 

 Interesting. If It does not exactly suit your caBe. 

 please write and tell u» what you want. It 1b our 

 desire to help you. 



ASK any Questions you please about plants, 

 flowerB. fruits, vegetables or other practical gardening 

 matters. We will take pleasure In answering them . 



Send us Notes of your experience In gardening In 

 any line; tell us of your successes that others may be 

 enlightened and encouraged, and of your failures, 

 perhaps we can help you. 



Send us Photographs or Sketches of your 

 flowers, gardens, greenhouses, fruits, vegetables, or 

 horticultural appliances that we may have them en- 

 graved for Gardening. 



CONTENTS. 



Planting at Graceland f2 illus.) 129 



Natural monuments (illus.) 129 



Pruning young trees 130 



Preparing for grafting 130 



Moving large trees (- ill"-..) 131 



Rudbeckias— An explanation 132 



Herbaceous plant notes 133 



(anna Mile. Herat (illus.) 133 



Notes 133 



Notes on palms 134 



Winter-flowering plants 131 



Notes on the Japanese chestnuts 13o 



School gardening 136 



Workers in horticulture (illus.) 137 



Market mushrooms 137 



Forcing strawberries (illus.) 138 



Greenhouse tomatoes 138 



Hooks and bulletins 139 



What some are doing 140 



Double-flowered gladioli have ma *e 

 their appearance in France, and they are 

 said to be attractive. 



The Massachusetts Horticultural 

 Society has secured about $300,000 

 under the will of the late Francis B. Hayes 

 of Lexington, Mass. 



Kansas City does not tolerate short- 

 measure fruit packages. They have an 

 inspector there who looks to that and his 

 name is Wuerz, 



The New York Botanic Garden has 

 made a good start in its serious work by- 

 breaking ground for the museum build- 

 ing, which is to be one of its prominent 

 features. 



A new forestry association is being 

 organized in Massachusetts on a perma- 

 nent basis, having for its object the pres- 

 ervation and extension of the forests of 

 the state, wherever the land is not other- 

 wise in demand. 



Good fruit continues in brisk demand 

 as we judge from the fact that an orchard 

 of ten thousand trees has recently been 

 started near Macon City, Mo. At Clar- 

 ence in the same state $4,000 worth of 

 fruit trees were delivered a few weeksago. 



Parks and their improvement appear 

 to be the order of the day. City Engineer 

 Lillie of Youngstown, Ohio, has taken 

 the work in hand and promises to make 

 Wick Park of that city just as good as 

 the best of them. Mr. Lillie has our best 

 wishes for his success in the undertaking. 



Utah's fruit of last year is described 

 as being poor, trashy and worm-eaten, 

 shunned at home and dumped into the 

 trash pile when shipped. What's the 

 matter with Utah? Perhaps Oregon and 

 Washington are demonstrating their cli- 

 matic superiority over the Salt Lake 

 country, but some claim that the spray- 

 ing laws are not enforced. 



The florists of Washington, D. C, 

 are up in arms against the free distribu- 

 tion of the flowers raised in the govern- 

 ment greenhouses at public expense, and 

 Secretary Alger of the War Department 

 has replied that the flowers shall not be 

 permitted to waste their sweetness. It is 

 bad to waste anything, but why may we 

 ask, should trouble and expense be lav- 

 ished in the production ot that which is 

 not needed? 



The Government will distribute 

 13,000,000 packets of seeds to aid con- 

 gressmen in securing votes for re-electi n 

 this year, and spend $70,000 to do it. 

 This vast weight will be carried through 

 the mails free and the private citizen will 

 continue to pay an exorbitant price for 

 postage on his little parcel of seeds or 

 plants which he has bought and honestly 

 paid for, in order that his more favored 

 neighbor may get his free seeds without 

 paying any postage. 



The people of Colorado expect their 

 official horticulturists to do good work, 

 and the latter expect to get paid tor it. 

 This is as it should be, but as it is, unfor- 

 tunately, the people of Colorado, or tt'eir 

 representatives, have not come up to 

 expectations, and as a result the horti- 

 culturists are still expecting the salaries 

 due them for their labors of the past three 

 years. And yet they say Colorado is a 

 healthy and a fruitful state. 



A great loss has come to horticultural 

 journalism in the suspension of Garden 

 and Forest, which ceased to exist last 

 month with the close of thetenth volume. 

 For ten years this weekly publication 

 waged ceaseless war on ail that is objec- 

 tionable in forestry and landscape gar- 

 dening, incidentally contributing much 

 toward the elucidation of less important 

 horticultural problems. It is pleasant to 

 believe that much good work has been 

 accomplished through its brief existence, 

 and perhaps a better future insured to 

 our forest wealth and public grounds; 

 but it is difficult to comprehend how the 

 people of a great nation could be so blind 

 to their own best interests as to let one 

 of their most valuable servants perish of 

 non-support. 



Potting soil will soon be needed in 

 quantity where greenhouse and summer 

 bedding plants are grown to any consid- 

 erable extent. Perhaps through press of 

 other duties it was impossible to store 

 away the needed material in fall, and 

 now it must be pro\ided at any cust. 

 '1 he partially exhausted soil from chrys- 

 anthemum and other benches will, with 

 the addition of a little fertilizer, suffice for 

 the bedding stock, but a better grade of 

 material is required for the general assort- 

 ment of permanent pot plants. Come 

 from where it may, the soil should now 

 be dry or drying under cover, and thor- 

 oughly mixed with such other ingredients 

 as are necessary to the formation ot a 

 desirable compost. The pots should be 

 clean, especially on the inside, and it is 

 well to have a good supply of clean drain- 

 age material close at hand. 



The sporting of chrysanthemums, 

 says Dr. Masters, is in a general way easy 

 enough to understand. The Chinese and 



Japanese have cultivated the plants for 

 2000 or 3000 years, during which time 

 they have been crossed and reerossed, 

 intentionally and unintentionally many 

 times. This has shaken the stabilitv of 

 the plant so to speak, and a very slight 

 shaking of the color cells, as in the shak- 

 ing of a kaleidoscope, would suffice to 

 produce a new arrangement. The theory 

 of the dissociation of colors accounts 

 fairly satisfactorily for the phenomenon. 



Sunday labor among gardeners isnot 

 so much of a monopoly in the United 

 States as a correspondent of the Journal of 

 Horticulture would lead the uninformed 

 to infer. It is true that our gardeners are 

 often required to per orm regular Sunday 

 work, but not, so far as we are aware, to 

 any greater extent than is common in 

 market gardens, nurseries and private 

 places in and about the great English 

 metropolis itself. We would prefer to 

 have it arranged so that all gardeners 

 could have every Sunday free of rou- 

 tine cares, but by nature the duties of the 

 profession are and will ever remain such 

 as to call for constant watchfulness, all 

 argument to the contrary notwith- 

 standing. 



The Hellebores or Christmas Roses 

 are occasionally heard of as being success- 

 fully cultivated in various gardens of the 

 eastern states, but in the face of cold win- 

 ters it is hardly possible to do much with 

 them north of Philadelphia. The flowers 

 usually open just as winter comes upon 

 us, and they are so short of stem that 

 even in open weather their beauty is mar- 

 red by the mud after splashing rains. If 

 one can devote a frame to them they are 

 more satisfactory; but plants in frames 

 afford little pleasure when there is frost 

 in the air and snow on the ground. It is 

 better to grow the plants in pots plunged 

 in a frame, removing them to a cool 

 house when the flowers appear. Whether 

 on the plants or inacut state, the blooms 

 retain their form and purity of color a 

 long time, and the plants flower with 

 remarkable freedom under generous treat- 

 ment as to soU and care. It should be 

 understood that these particulars refer 

 strictly to Helleborus niger and its vari- 

 eties, for our experiences with some other 

 species and varieties in pots have not 

 been so satisfactory as could be desired. 



SCHOOL GARDENING. 



For several years the instruction of 

 youths in the art of cultivating fruits, 

 flowers and vegetables in gardens asso- 

 ciated with the elementary schools has 

 formed an important part of the scheme 

 of technical education in horticulture in 

 Surrey which has given such excellent 

 results. From the first the gardens have 

 been popular with the lads, and it is grat- 

 ifying to learn that their popularity is 

 steadily increasing, and that their utility 

 as a means of instruction has been proved 

 to demonstration The technical educa- 

 tion committee for the county have 

 recently issued an appendix to their report 

 dealing with the school gardens, and 

 from this we have made a few extracts 

 that are likely to prove of interest to our 

 readers. 



The oldest art of all, and thefoundation 

 of all others, is that of horticulture, and 

 technical education in it has therefore 

 become a necessity of the times in various 

 countries. In some of these countries the 

 meaning of "Technical Education in Hor- 

 ticulture" is much better under-tood and 

 appreciated by the great mass of the people 

 than in our own. Perhaps no more strik- 

 ing evidence of the importance that is 



