28o 



GARDENING. 



June i, 



6A1DENIN6 



PUBLISHED THE 1ST AND 15TH OF EACH MONTH 

 BT 



THE GARDENING COMPANY, 



Monon Building, CHICAGO 



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Entered at Chicago postofflce as second-class matter 

 Copyright, 181)8, by The Gardening Co. 



Address all communications to The Garden- 

 ing: Co., Monon Building, Chicag-o. 



Gardening Is gotten up for Its readers and In their 

 Interest, and It behooves you, one and all. to make 11 

 Interesting. If It does not exactly suit your case, 

 please write and tell ub what you want. It Is our 

 desire to help you. 



ask ant questions you pleaBe about plants. 

 Bowers, fruits, vegetables or other practical gardening 

 matters. We will take pleasure In answering them. 



Send us Notes of your experience in gardening In 

 any line; tell us of your successes that others may be 

 enlightened and encouraged, and of your failures, 

 perhapB we can help you. 



Send us photographs or Sketches of your 

 flowers, gardenB. greenhouses, fruits, vegetables, or 

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 graved for GARDENING. 



CONTENTS. 



Japanese tree sculpture (illus.) 273 



Specimen trees and shrubs 274 



Nuttall'9 dogwood (illus.). ... .... 274 



The European linden • • - . . 275 



A Californian maze (illus.) 275 



Ornamental hardy vim-* 275 



Herbaceous plant notes 27t3 



Ornamental bedding (4 illus.) 277 



Notes on new carnations. 277 



Thr rust of the chrysanthemum (illus.). . . 277 



Hardy and greenhouse novelties (3 illus. ,. . . 278 



Originating new vegetables . . 280 



Workers in horticulture, X. (portrait). . . . 281 

 Summer pruning of trees and shrubs . . . 281 

 Flowers from pent moss, coal ashes and fertil- 

 izer chemicals (2 illus.) 282 



Adherence to type in seed breeding 282 



Notes from Germany 283 



Outdoor propagation of roses 283 



Chiokweed on lawns . . . ., 284 



Protecting roses 284 



The twenty-third annual convention 

 of the American Association of Nursery- 

 men will be held next week, June S and 9, 

 at Omaha. 



Hewitt Chapman, who represents 

 large horticultural interestsin Louisiana, 

 is in Calilornia to study orange culture 

 tor the Bradish Johnson Company. 



The tree pa?ony, Kiene Elizabeth, is 

 worthy of a place in any garden. Its 

 large, very double pink flowers, measur- 

 ing over seven inches in diameter are very 

 handsome. 



The Royal Horticultural Society of 

 England has awarded Messrs. I'aul & 

 Son, Cheshunt, a certificate for a double 

 flowered form of the well known hardy 

 perennial, Alyssum saxatile. 



Till and work your flower beds and 

 around newly planted shrubs and trees; 

 this treatment is as good as a watering. 

 Weeds are a blessing, because they com- 

 pel us to stir up the soil. 



Watch your clematis, and in fact all 

 rapid growing vines, and tie them up 

 promptly. Some are quite brittle and 

 object to being straightened out when 

 once they have grown in a crooked form. 



John P. Sorensen, fruit tree inspector 

 for the county of Salt Lake, Utah, has 

 written an open letter advising all fruit 

 tree owners to spray all trees immediately. 

 Mr. Sorensen believes that spraying is the 

 best means of disposing of worms and 



that the exigencies of ttarle demand that 

 no risks be taken but the wests be dis- 

 posed of before the fruit is developed. 



Fumigating with hydrocyanic gas in 

 the cellar after nursery stock is dug in the 

 fall is recommended in a recent bulletin of 

 the New York Experiment Station. This 

 will probably destroy all insects. 



C. H. Everett, of Beloit, has been 

 chosen secretary of V\ isconsin State 

 Board of Horticulture in place of M. R. 

 Doyon, resigned. The board is making 

 extensive preparations for the approach- 

 ing fair. 



The horticultural department of the 

 Michigan Agricultural College has sent 

 out 2000 young fruit trees to secretaries 

 of institutes and county societies. They 

 are Russian varieties not heretofore 

 tested in this country. 



Examine your plants of euonymus and 

 notice if the leaves are curled up; if they 

 are, it is caused by numerous small black 

 lice. Soak tobacco stems over night in 

 water; syringe the foliage twice a day for 

 a few days with this tobacco water and 

 you will get rid of the insects. 



A committee representing the Michi- 

 gan University and State Agricultural 

 v. ollege is striving to secure the adoption 

 of a forestry policy which shall effectively 

 protect the fast diminishing forests of the 

 state. Prof. V. M. Spalding, of the U. of 

 M., is chairman of the committee. 



Have you noticed how closely theflow- 

 ers of the dandelion lie to the ground 

 when they hear the click of the lawn 

 mower, and how straight up in the air the 

 stemsstand when the seed is ripe? This is 

 a provision whereby the seed heads are 

 elevated to catch the breezes that will 

 waft them over to your neighbor's pet 

 lawn in exchange for some he gave you 

 last year. 



W. H. Brown, fruit tree inspector for 

 the state of Washington, has given out 

 information as to the extent of the dam- 

 age done by the saw-fly and bark louse. 

 At Stein's Sunnvdale orchard, near Seat- 

 tle, Inspector Brown found rows of trees 

 and bushes stripped bare of foliage. He 

 recommends spraying with arsenicals for 

 the saw-fly and an emulsion of kerosene 

 and soap to destroy the scale. 



An open competitive examination will 

 be held at various cities in New York on 

 June 18 for candidates for the position of 

 inspector of nurseries and orchards. 

 Three officers are to be appointed at $1(10 

 a month, their duty being the suppression 

 of yellows, black knot, San Jose scaleand 

 other diseases and pests. Applicants are 

 to be examined as to experience, practical 

 and scientific knowledge. 



If you have been growing tulips in 

 your canna beds, which is the proper 

 thing to do, so as to have no bare ground 

 staring you in the face, and the time 

 comes to plant out the latter, remove 

 your tulips, foliage and all, to some spare 

 ground and heel them in carefully, letting 

 them remain until the foliage ripens off. 

 This is essential for the proper develop- 

 ment of the newly formed bulbs. 



There is now pending in congress a 

 bill to authorize and encourage the hold- 

 ing of a National Exposition of American 

 Products and Manufactures, especially 

 suited forexport, at Philadelphia inlS09. 

 The exposition is to be held under the 

 auspices of the Philadelphia Commercial 

 Museum, a public institution, and is a 

 matter of deep interest to manufacturers, 

 agriculturists, horticulturists and florists, 



as it will teach American producers the 

 requirements of the markets of the world 

 and atthe same time do much to acquaint 

 foreign buyers with the superiority of 

 American products. 



The effect of the sun shining through 

 the young leaves of the tri-colored beech 

 is charming. This tree is a variety of the 

 purple forms of the European beech, 

 Kigus sylvatica, in which the margins of 

 the leaves are bordered with a distinct 

 rose color. Later in the season it loses 

 some of its brilliancy. The effect of the 

 sun seen through Rivers' purple beech is 

 also fine, but it is only when the leafage 

 is young and tender. This beech stands 

 the hot sun and is probably the finest 

 dark-leaved tree in cultivation. 



ORIGINATING NEW VEGETABLES. 



At a recent meeting of the Massa- 

 chusetts Horticultural Society the Hon. 

 Aaron Low, of Hingham, delivered the 

 following eminently practical address: 



In coming before you to speak on this 

 subject, I take it for granted that you 

 wish it treated in a practical manner, so 

 that every one present can apply the sug- 

 gestions and ideas advanced to his own 

 operations on the farm or in the garden. 

 Every market gardener often notices a 

 variation among vegetables of apparently 

 the same variety. One of the first princi- 

 ples of nature is reproduction and the 

 production of new varieties by cross-ferti- 

 lization or hybridization. The improved 

 varieties introduced during the last 

 twenty years have been obtained by 

 these two methods. The searchers after 

 new varieties should bear in mind that a 

 sport which appears to be an entirely 

 distinct variety will require years of care- 

 ful and intelligent training to establish 

 its points of variation and excellence. 



To establish a cross as a distinct 

 variety we should have in our mind an 

 ideal as to form and the more prominent 

 characteristics we desire our new variety 

 to attain, and, selecting samples that 

 come nearest to the desired points for 

 seed stock, persistently follow on that 

 line until our object is accomplished. New 

 varieties, although apparently well estab- 

 lished, are apt to sport back to one of the 

 original kinds from which the cross was 

 obtained, and they require careful watch- 

 ing for years to eliminate such points as 

 appear undesirable. As every year brings 

 forward new kinds of vegetables, the up- 

 to date market gardener must keep him- 

 self well posted as to the merits of such 

 varieties and their adaptability to his 

 requirements. 



For a general farm product there is no 

 one of more importance than the potato. 

 Its early history is involved in obscurity. 

 It was introduced into Europe some time 

 in the latter fart of the sixteenth centu^'. 

 A long time before it was used as a food 

 by the masses, and as late as the begin- 

 ning of the eighteenth century, it was 

 pronounced, by a college of physicians in 

 France, ooisonous and unfit for human 

 food. It seems strange to us that it 

 should have taken so long to discover its 

 merits as an article of food, which at the 

 present time is deemed indispensible for 

 daily use upon the tables of the rich and 

 poor alike. We propagate the potato by 

 slips of the tubers, and if we wish to 

 produce a new variety we must take the 

 natural seed balls. It is a well known 

 fact that the varieties of potatoes now in 

 cultivation very seldom produce seed 

 balls, therefore we must plant the kinds 

 that produce them. The seed balls should 

 be gathered when ripe, the seed cleaned 

 from the pulp, dried and preserved til 



