1880.] 445 [Phillips. 



in the bosom of the ground, natural phenomena, metals and their mode of 

 being mined, the mines and the spirits and devils who rule in them, and 

 the localities where metals are found. 



On page 9 is represented a man using the divining rod (Glueck-rutfi) of 

 forked witch hazel, that is turning in his hands as he steps over a place 

 where mining operations are being conducted. A section of a hill is 

 shown with men at work breaking ore and loading a rail car upon a tram- 

 way which leads to an elevator running up to a level with the opening of 

 the mine. 



On page 11 we find a machine in use for crushing the crude ore, repre- 

 sented as somewhat similar to a modern quartz crusher, the motive power 

 of which is furnished by an overshot-wheel. 



In speaking of the earth and its dimensions, the author says it is hollow 

 in the centre ; that this opening or void space is full of flames, and is hell ; 

 that it is of sufficient capacity to contain all the millions of damned souls 

 that it will be required to hold. That the earth itself is round, about 5400 

 (German) miles in circumference, and about 1718 (German) miles in diam- 

 eter. 



There are accounts given of early sea navigation, the deluge, and the 

 terrestrial paradise, of which latter there is an illustration exhibiting the 

 Garden of Eden with a fountain in the centre, walled around with crenated 

 battlements, a lofty tower rising from the middle of the enclosure, and we 

 are also favored with a view of the trees of life and knowledge. 



On page 37 we find a picture representing the migration of some early 

 tribe, every one of whom, male and female, is dressed in the fashions prev- 

 alent among the Germans of the sixteenth century ; before them is drawn 

 a low truck containing standard stores for the journey, in winch are sev- 

 eral barrels distinctly suggesting to the mind of the observer the idea of 

 beer. The parade is passing an old castle. 



On page 43 occurs a description of the British Islands, accompanied by 

 a map of the same. England has only three towns represented, viz : Lon- 

 don, Dover, and what the engraver is pleased to call Ochsenfurt (Oxford). 

 Scotland has only Edinburgh, and Ireland a large city in the extreme south, 

 called Vatford. The shape of the British Islands is simply atrocious. It 

 must be a mortification to an Englishman to consider of how little import- 

 ance his country was but three hundred years ago, while kingdoms that 

 now have sunk into oblivion and their names even lost, were then potent, 

 flourishing, and even objects of dread. 



The description of England is short, and contains nothing of interest. 

 Speaking of Ireland, reference is made to the rebellion of 1534, and the 

 great slaughter that followed in its wake. The manners of the Scotch are 

 condemned, but their mental and moral qualities much praised ; a state- 

 ment is made that the use of coal for burning is so common, that in Scot- 

 land the beggars supplicate it for alms. In this kingdom is found the very 

 wonderful stone known as Gagates (p. 45) : 



" A stone which, although of a rough and common appearance, yet partakes 



