'914.1 BEHAVIORIST VIEWS IT." 9 



stands to the psychology of testimony in somewhat the same rela- 

 tion that Meumann bears to experimental pedagogy, is also through 

 and through psychological. Binet, whose name is inseparably con- 

 nected with the psychology of tests, might fairly be called an ex- 

 tremist in his devotion to introspection. Pick demands " eine psy- 

 chologische Vertiefung der Aphasielehre," and makes constant use 

 of laboratory material : " es ist hochste Zeit dass die Pathologic end- 

 lich von diesen Dingen Kenntnis nehme."-* It is worth noting that 

 Meumann, Stern and Binet — the men to whom we are chiefly in- 

 debted for experimental pedagogy, the psychology of testimony, and 

 mental tests — would all have been brushed aside by Watson, a few 

 years ago, as typically introspective psychologists ; and it is worth 

 noting also that they themselves look upon this later work, not as 

 the negation of their psychological training, but as its direct exten- 

 sion and practical fulfilment. It is worth noting, again, that a man 

 of Pick's authority ascribes the unprogressive state of psychopath- 

 ology in large measure to an ignorance of current introspective psy- 

 chology, and himself makes definite use of the " imageless thought, 

 attitudes, and Bezvusstseinslage, etc.," which Watson contemns.^^ 

 I am not here depreciating behaviorism; but I think there is no justi- 

 fication for behaviorism's depreciation of psychology.-'' 



24 A. Pick, " Die agrammatischen Sprachstorungen : Studien zur psy- 

 chologischen Grundlegung der Aphasielehre," 1913, I., 11, 58, etc. 



25 A, 163. The psychology of advertising, so far as it has gone, bears out 

 my argument. Cf. D. Starch, "Principles of Advertising," 1910; W. D. 

 Scott, "The Psychology of Advertising," 1912; W. A. Shryer, "Analytical 

 Advertising," 1912; H. L. Hollingworth, "Advertising and Selling; Principles 

 of Appeal and Response," 1913. The psychology of these v^^orks is not always 

 of the severest type; but the attitude of the v^rriters is unmistakably psy- 

 chological. 



26 I have said nothing of the " esoteric " nature of introspection, because 

 I have dealt with that charge in recent articles {American Jour. Psych., 

 XXIII., 1912, 427 fif., 48s ff.). In referring to my own work, Watson falls 

 into the common mistake of confusing observation with theory. If he were 

 to serve as observer in one of our studies on attention, he would have no 

 difficulty, after a little practice, in passing the sensory judgments that we 

 required of him. That is a matter of observation and report. Whether he 

 would, after such participation in the actual work, accept our setting and 

 interpretation of the results is another and a different question. 



