186 BULLETIN 38, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



geminate, slightly oblique, strongly outcurved between veins, included 

 space paler; t. p. line very even, parallel with outer margin, geminate, 

 inner line crenulate, fine, included space pale, outer line vague, often 

 wanting; from this point the s. t. space usually begins to darken to the 

 pale s. t. line, which is very irregular, sinuate, outwardly curved over 

 veins 3 and 4, and again over veins 6 and 8, intervening inward angle 

 quite sharp. Claviform wanting; orbicular round, or a trifle oblique 

 pale ringed, with concolorous, or somewhat paler center ; reniform large, 

 kidney-shaped, pale ringed, incompletely outlined inferiorly, where it is 

 somewhat dark filled, outwardly pale marked ; the cell between the 

 ordinary spots is usually darker, sometimes black, and in such case in 

 pale specimens a distinct, dark, median shade crosses the wing from that 

 patch. From this complete maculation the variation is in the dire(;tiou 

 of obsolescence ; the basal and t. a. lines are the first to go ; then the t. p. 

 line becomes indistinct, and the pale included space alone is sometimes 

 seen crossing the wing; then this goes and only the s. t. line remains, 

 and this is evident in all the specimens; the darker ])receding shade is 

 also permanent, but variable in intensity, while the terminal space may 

 be either darker, concolorous with, or paler than the ground color. The 

 ordinary spots are always traceable, but vary in the line of obsolescence. 

 The most strongly modified specimen is dark brown-red, with all save 

 the s. t. line lost, the preceding shade very slightly marked, ordinary 

 spots concolorous, the pale defining line very narrow. Secondaries in 

 the $ soiled whitish, with a narrow dusky outer border; in the ? fuscous. 

 Beneath powdery, primaries more reddish, secondaries whitisli, no outer 

 transverse line, secondaries without distinct discal spot. 



Expands 31-35"""; 1.25-1.40 inches. 



Habitat. — Sierra Nevada, California. 



A large series of this interesting species is before me, showing what 

 I hope is the entire range of variation of the species which is a difficult 

 one to place in a table by reason of its variability. It is very close to 

 what I have determined at satis Harvey, but differs in having no clavi- 

 form, in lacking the gray powderings of primaries, in wanting the black 

 defining lines to the ordinary spots, and in lacking the common trans- 

 verse line of the underside. From rufula., to which it is also allied, it 

 differs in having the median space concolorous and the orbicular always 

 complete. Single specimens of the species, with partly obsolete macu. 

 lation, may be difficult to locate properly. 



'i'ypes are with Messrs. Edwards and Neumoegen, and in the Uo S. 

 National Museum collection. 



Carneades rufula Smith. 

 1887. Smitli, Proc. IT. S. Nat. Mus., x, 461, Agrotis. 



Somewhat yellowish red brown; median space darker, red brown. 

 Cell, except ordinary spots, still darker, more blackish. Transverse 

 lines geminate, included space pale. T. a. line oblique, outwardly 



