28 



the whole, therefore, no order appears to have so much affinity with Caly- 

 canthese as Rosacese; and the sagacity of Jussieu, in originally referring 

 Calycanthus to that order, is completely confirmed by the discovery recently 

 made by the Rev. Mr. Lowe, that the cotyledons of Chamsemeles, a genus of 

 Pomacese, which Jussieu includes in Rosaceae, are convolute. This, I think, 

 fixes the station of Calycantheae in the neighbourhood of Rosacese, Pomaceae, 

 and Myrtaceae, to which it is nearly equally allied, and from which it is 

 distinguished by its imbricated sepals, and -anthers, partly fertile and partly 

 sterile, being turned outwards. This order is also characterised by the 

 singular structure of the wood, a peculiarity originally remarked by Mirbel in 

 one species, and which I have since ascertained to exist in all. In the stems 

 of these plants there is the usual deposit of concentric circles of wood around 

 the pith, and, in addition, four very imperfect centres of deposition on the 

 outside next the bark; a most singular structure, which may be called, with- 

 out much inaccuracy, an instance of exogenous and endogenous growth 

 combined in the same individual. A good figure of this interesting fact 

 has been given by Mirbel in the Aniiales des Sciences Naturelles, vol. 14. 

 p. 367. 



Geography. Natives of North America and Japan. 



Properties. The aromatic fragrance of the flowers is their only known 

 quality. 



Examples. Calycanthus, Chimonanthus. 



XIX. MONIMIEtE. 



MoNiMiE^, Juss. in Ann. Mus. 14. 130. (1809) ; Dec. Ess. Med. 2G5. (1810.) 



Diagnosis. Apetalous dicotyledons, with definite pendulous ovula, 

 numerous distinct ovaria, and anthers bursting longitudinally. 

 Anomalies. 



Essential Character Flowers unisexual. Caly.v tubular, toothed or lobed at 



the apex, with valvular aestivation. Stamens indefinite, covering all the inside of the calyx ; 

 anthers 2-celled, bursting longitudinally. Ovaria several, superior, distinct, enclosed within 

 the tube of the calyx, each with its own style and stiffma ; ovule pendulous. Fridt consist- 

 ing of several l-seeded nuts, enclosed within the enlarged calyx. Seed pendulous ; embryo 

 in the midst of an abundant albumen ; radicle superior — Trees or shrubs, without aroma. 

 Leaves opposite, without sti pulse. Hairs stellate. Flowers axillary, in short racemes. 



Affinities. Allied to Urticese, from which they diflPer in the presence 

 of several ovaria within each calyx, in their pendulous ovula, in the radicle 

 being turned towards the hilum, and in the presence of abundant albumen ; 

 also to Laurinea}, from which they particularly differ in the dehiscence of their 

 anthers, and in the number of Iheir ovaria; and to Atherospermea}, which 

 agree in sensible qualities, and in the number of their ovaria, but which difler 

 in the dehiscence of the anthers, and in the erect position of the ovules. With 

 Calycantheae they have also a good deal of relation. Mr. Brown con- 

 siders that what is here called a calyx is more properly an involucrum. 

 Flinders, 553. 



Geography. All natives of South America. 



Properties. All the parts of the bark and leaves exhale an aromatic 

 odour, which is compared by travellers to that of Laurels or Myrtles. 

 Dccand. 



Examples. Monimia, Ruizia. 



