250 



and the other, P. Douglasii (qu. Pinus taxifolia?), to equal or even to exceed 

 it. The latter is probably the most valuable of the whole for its timber. 

 Their secretions consist of various kinds of resin. Oil of turpentine, common 

 and Burgundy pitch, are obtained from Pinus sylvestris ; Hungarian balsam 

 from Pinus Pumilio ; Bourdeaux turpentine from P. Pinaster; Carpathian 

 balsam from P. Pinea ; Strasburg turpentine from Abies pectinata (P. Picea 

 L.), our Silver Fir; Canadian balsam from Abies balsamea, or the Balm of 

 Gilead Fir. The common Larch yields Venetian turpentine. Liquid storax is 

 thought to be yielded by the Dammar Pine; and a substance called in Lidia 

 Dammar, or country resin, is procured from the same plant, or from a tree 

 which Dr. Buchanan calls Chloroxylon Dupada. Ainslie, 1. 337. Sanda- 

 rach, a whitish yellow, brittle, inflammable, resinous substance, with an acrid 

 aromatic taste, is said by Dr. Thomson to exude from Juniperus communis ; 

 but upon the authority of Brongniart and Schousboe, it is the tears of Thuja 

 articulata (or quadrivalvis). Ibid. L 379. The substance from which spruce 

 beer is made is an extract of the branches of the Abies canadensis, or Hem- 

 lock Spruce ; a similar preparation is obtained from the branches of Dacry- 

 dium in the South Seas. Great tanning powers exist in the bark of the 

 Larch; as great, it is said, as in the Oak. Ed. P. J. \. 319. The stimu- 

 lating diuretic powers of the Savin, Juniperus Sabina, are well known, and 

 are partaken of in some degree by the common Juniper, the berries of which 

 are an ingredient in flavouring gin. The large seeds of many are eatable. 

 The Stone Pine of Europe, the Pinus Cembra, the Ginkgo, the Pinus Lam- 

 bertiana and Gerardiana, the Araucaria Dombeyi, and Podocarpus neriifolia, 

 are all eatable when fresh. The succulent covering of the Yew fruit is 

 foetid, and said to be deleterious by Decandolle ; we all know that its seeds, 

 if eaten, are highly dangerous. 



Examples. Pinus, Cunninghamia, Araucaria. 



