CHAP. XVII THE PHILIPPINES 387 



to be a cause exactly adapted to produce the kind 

 and amount of affinity between these distant countries 

 that actually exists. 



The Philippine Islands. 



A general account of the fauna of these islands, and of 

 their biological relations to the countries Avhich form the 

 subject of this chapter, has been given in my Gcogra'phical 

 Distribution of Animals, Vol. I. pp. 345-349 ; but since 

 the publication of that work considerable additions have 

 been made to their fauna, having the effect of somewhat 

 diminishing their isolation from the other islands. Four 

 genera have been added to the terrestrial mammalia — Croci- 

 dura, Felis, Pteromys, and Mus, as well as two additional 

 squirrels ; while the black ape {Cynciyithecus niger) has 

 been struck out as not inhabiting the Philippines. This 

 brings the true land mammalia to twenty-one species, of 

 which fourteen are peculiar to the islands ; but to these we 

 must add no less than thirty-three species of bats of which 

 only ten are peculiar.^ In these estimates the Palawan 



'^ The following list of the mammalia of the Philippines and the Sulu 

 Islands has been kindly furnished me by Mr. Everett. 



QuADRUMANA. 19. Crociduraedwardsiana. Peculiar 



1. Macacus cvnoraolgus. species. 



2. Tarsius spectrum. -0- Dendrogale sp. 



p.„^„,„„, 21. Galeopithecus philippinensis. Peculiar 



OARNivoRA. species. 



3. Viverra taugalunga. Ptttroptfra 



4. Paradoxurus philippinensis. Also in i^hiroptera. 



Palawan. --• Pteropus leucopterus. 



5. Felis bengalensis. In Negi-os Island. 23. ,, edulis. 



Ungulata. 24. „ hypomelanus. 



2o. ,, jubatus. 



6. Bubalusmindorensis. Peculiar species. 26. Xantharpyia amplexicaule. 



7. Cervus philippinus. Peculiar species. 27. Cvnopterus marginatus. 



S. „ alfredi. Peculiar species. 28. " ,, jagorii. Peculiar species 



9. ,, nigricans. Peculiar species. 29. Carponycteris australis. 



10. „ pseudaxis. Sulu only. Prob- 30. Rhi-.iol6phus luctus. 



ably introduced. 31. ^^ philippinensis. Peculiar 



11. Sus marchesi. Peculiar species. species. 



Rodentia. 32. Rhiuolophus rufus. Peculiar species. 



12. Sciurus philippinensis. Peculiar f- Hipposideros diaderaa. 



species. 



13. Sciurus cagos. Peculiar species. „. ^.^l^^'^^??' , . 



14. „ concinnus. Peculiar. Min- ^o. Hipposideros larvatus._ 

 danao and Basilan. 



36. ,, obscurus. Peculiar 



15. Plilaeomys cummingi. Peculiar genus „ ^r-^^"'^'^^?? ' 



Hipposideros coronatus. Peculiar 



16. Mus ephippium. 



17. ,j everetti. Peculiar species. „„ --..^P'^^^??- , . , 



" ^ ^ 38. Hipposideros bicolor. 



Insectivora. 39^ Megaderma spasma. 



18. Crocidura luzoniensis. Peculiar 40. Vesperugo pachj-pus. 



species. 41. ,, tenuis. 



c c 2 



