CHAP. XVIII JAPAN AND FORMOSA 395 



18. Ursus arctos. var. A peculiar variety of the European brown bear 



which inhabits also Anioorland and Kamschatka. It is the Ursus 

 frrox of the Fauna Japonica. 



19. Ursus japonicus. A peculiar species allied to the Himalayan and For- 



mosan species. Named U. tihctanus in the Fauna Japonica. 



20. Meles anakuma. Differs from the European and Siberian badggrs in 



the form of the skull. 



21. Mustela hrachyura. A peculiar martin found also in the Kurile 



Islands. 



22. Mustela melanopus. The Japanese sable. 



23. M. Japonica. A peculiar martin (See Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 104). 



24. M. Sibericus. Also Siberia and China. This is the M. italsi of the 



Fauna Japonica according to Dr. Gray. 



25. Lutronedeswhitclcyi. A new genus and species of otter {P. Z. S. 1867, 



p. 180). In the Fauna Japonica named Lutra vulgaris. 



26. Enhydris marina. The sea-otter of California and Kamschatka. 



27. Canis liochphxilax. According to Dr. Gray allied to Cuon samatranus 



of the Malay Islands, and C. alpinns of Siberia, if not identical with 

 one of them {P. Z. S. 1868, p. 500). 



28. Vulpcs japonica. A peculiar fox. C«/ii5 ritZjoes of Fauna Japonica. 



29. Nyctereutes procyonoides. The racoon-dog of N. China and Amoor- 



land. 



30. Lepus hrachyurus. A peculiar hare. 



31. Sciurus lis. A peculiar squirrel. 



32. Ptcromys lcucogc7iys. The white-cheeked flying squirrel. 



33. P. momoga. Perhaps identical with a Cambojan species {P. Z. S. 



1861, 1). 137). 



34. Myoxus ja2)onictLS. A peculiar dormouse. M. clegans of the Fauna 



Japonica ; M. javanicus, Schinz {Synopsis Mammalium, ii. p. 530). 



35. Mus argenteus. China. 



36. Mus molossinus. 



37. M. nezumi. 



38. JA spcciosiis. 



39. Ccrvits sika. A peculiar deer allied to C. pscudaxis of Formosa and 



C. mantcMiricus of Northern China, 



40. Ncmorhcclus crispa. A goat-like antelope allied to N. sumatranus of 



Sumatra, and A'. SwinJwri of Formosa. 



41. Sus leucomystax. A wild boar allied to ,S'. tacvanus of Formosa, 



We thus find that no less than twenty-six out of the 

 forty-one Japanese mammals are peculiar, and if we omit 

 the aerial bats (nine in number), as well as the marine 

 sea-otter, we shall have remaining only thirty strictly land 

 mammalia, of which twenty-five are peculiar, or five-sixths 

 of the whole. Nor does this represent all their speciality ; 

 for we have a mole differing in its dentition from the 

 European mole ; another superficially resembling but quite 

 distinct from an American species; a peculiar genus of 

 otters ; and an antelope whose nearest allies are in 

 Formosa and Sumatra. The importance of these facts will 



