CHAP, xviii JAPAN AND FORMOSA 397 



5 . Common creeper Gerthia familiar is. 



6. Nuthatch Siita curopcea siib-sp. amurcnsls. 



7 . Carrion crow Corvus corone. 



8. Nutcracker Niccifraga earyoeatades. 



9 . Magpie Pica caudata. 



10. Pallass' grey shrike Laniios excitbitor snh-s]}. viajo?'. 



11. Waxwing Ampclis garrulas. 



12. Grey wagtail Motacilla hoarula sub-sp, mclanopc. 



13. Alpine Pipit Anthus spinolctta sub-sp. japonicus. 



14. Skylark A lauda arvoisis sub-sp. japonica. 



15. Common hawfincli Coccothraustes tmlgaris. 



16. Common Crossbill Loxia carvirostra. 



17. Siskin Fringilla spinus. 



18. Mealy redpolo , , ' linaria. 



19. Brambling ,, montifringilla. 



20. Tree sparrow Passer montanus. 



21. Reed bunting Emheriza schccniculus sub. sp. p)ctlustris^ 



22. Rustic bunting ,, rustica. 



23. Snow bunting , , nivalis. 



24. Chimney swallow Hirundo rustica ayxh-n]). gittturalis. 



25. Sand martin Cotyle riparia. 



26. Great spotted woodpecker Picus major sub-sp. japonicus. 



27. Lesser spotted woodpecker , , minor. 



28. Wryneck Jynx torquilla. 



29. Hoopoe TJpupa epops. 



30. Blue rock pigeon Golumha lima. 



31. Cuckoo Cucuiiis canorits. 



32. Kingfisher Alcedo is2nda sub-S'p. be7igale7isis. 



33. Eagle owl Bubo maximus. 



34. Snowy owl Surnia nyctea. 



35. Long-eared owl Strix otus. 



36. Short-eared owl , , brachyotus. 



37. Scops owl Scops scojjs. 



38. Jer falcon Falco gyrfalco. 



39. Peregrine falcon ,, peregrinus. 



40. Hobby ,, subbiUeo. 



41. Merlin Falco ccsalon. 



42. Kestrel Tinnunculus alaudarius sub-sp. japonicus. 



43. Osprey Pandion halidctus. 



44. Honey-buzzard Pernis apivorus. 



45. White-tailed eagle Halidctus albicilla. 



46. Golden eagle Aquila cJirysdetus. 



47. Common buzzard Buteo vulgaris sub-sp. plumipcs. 



48. Hen-harrier Circus cyaneus. 



49. Marsh-harrier ,, ceruginosus. 



50. Gos-hawk Astur palumharius. 



51. Sparrow-hawk Acciinter nisus. 



52. Ptarmigan Tctrao mutus. 



53. Common quail Coturnix communis. 



But even these fifty-three species by no means fairly 

 represent the amount of resemblance between Britain and 



