552 



INDEX 



Climate, properties of suow and ice in 

 relation to, 131 

 of Britain with winter in aphelion, 

 ' 156 

 of Tertiary period in Em-ope and 



X. America, 178 

 temperate in Arctic regions, 181 

 causes of mild Arctic, 190 

 of Tertiary and Secondary periods, 



199, 202 

 of the Secondary and Palaeozoic 



epochs, 200 

 change of, during Tertiary and 



Secondary Periods, 200 

 aftected by arrangement of the 



great continents, 205 

 nature of changes of, caused by high 



excentricity, 230 

 exceptional stability of the present, 



232 

 changes of, as affecting migration of 

 plants, 517 

 Climatal changes, 106 



change, its essential jirinciple re- 

 stated, 158 

 changes as modifying organisms, 

 229 

 Clouds cut off the sun's heat, 145 

 Coal in Sumatra, 385 

 Coast line of globe, extent of, 221 

 Cochoa, distribution of, 25 

 Cockerell, Mr. Th. D. A., on slugs of 

 Bermuda, 271 

 on British land and fresh-water shells, 

 356 

 Cold alone does not cause glaciation, 

 135 

 how it can be stored up, 133 

 Coleoptcra of the Azores, 253 

 of St. Helena, 298 

 of the Sandwich Islands, 318 

 peculiar British species of, 351 

 Comoro Islands, 428 



mammals and liirds of, 428 

 Compositaj of the Galapagos, 288 

 of St. Helena, 307 

 of the Sandwich Islands, 325 

 of the Mascarene Islands, 445 

 species often have restricted ranges, 

 504 

 Conclusions on the New Zealand flora, 



506 

 Contemporaneous formation of Lower 



Greensand and Wealden, 221 

 Continental conditions thi-oughout geo- 

 logical time, 97-99 

 changes and animal distribution, 102 

 extensions will not explain anomaloi.s 

 facts of distribution, 449 

 Continental islands, 243 

 of recent origin, 331 

 general remarks on recent, 408 

 ancient, 411 

 Continental period, date of, 337 

 Continents, movements of, 88 

 permanence of, 97 

 general stability of, 101, 103 

 geological development of, 205 

 Continuity of land, 74 



Continuitv of now isolated gi'oups, proof 



of, 70 

 Cook, Caiitain, on a native quadruped in 



New Zealand, 476 

 Cope, Pi'ofessor, on the Bermuda lizard, 



266 

 Coracias iemminckii, in Celebes, 463 

 Corvus, 17 



Cossonidaj, in St. Helena, 299 

 Cretaceous deposits in North Australia, 



493, 496 

 Cretaceous flora of Greenland, 185 



of the United States, 189 

 Croll, Dr. James, on Antarctic icebergs, 

 136 

 on winter temperature of Britain 



in glacial epoch, 141 

 on diversion of gulf-stream during the 



glacial epoch, 143 

 on loss of heat by clouds and fogs, 



145 

 on geographical causes as affecting 



climate, 148 

 on ancient glacial epochs, 170 

 on universality of glacial markings in 



Scotland, 174 

 on mild climates of Arctic regions, 



189 

 on ocean-currents, 190, 204 

 on age of the earth, 213 

 on niean thickness of sedimentary 



rocks, 220 

 on small amount of marine denuda- 

 tion, 225 

 on buried river-channels, 336 

 Ctenodus, (59 



Cyanopica, distribution of, 24 

 Cyanopica cooki, restricted range of, 15, 



24 

 Cijanopica cyatius, 24 

 Cynopithecua nigrescens, in Celebes, 456 



Dacelo, 47 



Dana on continental upheavals, 88 



on chalk in the Sandwich Islands, 90 

 on elevation of land causing the glacial 



epoch, 152 

 on elevation of Western America, 



194 

 on the development of continents, 



205 

 on shore-deposits, 222 

 on life extermination by cold epochs, 



230 

 Darwin, experiment on Helix pomatia, 



78 

 on the permanence of oceans, 100 

 on cloudy skv of Antarctic regions, 



146 

 on glaciers of the Southern Andes, 



147 

 on geological time, 211 

 on complex relations of organisms, 



226 

 on oceanic islands, 242 

 on seeds carried by bii'ds, 257 



