INDEX 



555 



Geographical changes, effect of, on Arctic 

 climates, 195 

 changes of Java and Borneo, 385 

 changes as modifying organisms, 2'2S 

 (geological climates and geographical con- 

 ditions, 204 

 time, 210 

 change, probably quicker in remote 



times, 223 

 time, value of the estimate of, 224 

 time, measurement of, 235 

 changes as aiding the migration of 



plants, 519 

 climates as affecting distribution, 



534 

 climates, summary of causes of, 536 

 time, summary of views on, 539 

 Geology of Borneo, 375 

 of Madagascar, 412 

 of Celebes, 451 

 of New Zealand, 472 

 of Australia, 494 

 Geomalacus macnlosus, 35G 

 Glacial climate not local, 113 

 deposits of Scotland, 112 

 Glacial epoch, proofs of, 107 



eftects of, on animal life, 117 

 alternations of climate during, US 

 as causing migration ai.u extinction, 



122 

 causes of, 125 

 the essentials to the production of, 



136 

 probable date of the, 160 

 and the climax of continental develop- 

 ment, 206 

 date of last, 233 

 Glacial phenomena in North America. 



116 

 Glaciation was greatest where rainfall is 

 now greatest, 139 

 action of meteorological causes on, 



142 

 summary of chief causes of, 144 

 in Northern Hemisphere, the onlv 



efficient cause of, 144 

 of New Zealand and South Africa. 



162 

 local, due to high excentricity, 207 

 widespread in recent times, 536 

 Gleichenia in Greenland, 186 



in relation to chalk, 89 

 Globigerina-ooze, analysis of. 91 

 Globigerina^, where found, 92 

 Glyptostrobus, fossil, 186 

 Goats, destructiveness of, in St. Helena, 



295 

 Godman, Mr., on birds reaching the 



Azores, 248, 250 

 Gray, Professor Asa, on extinction of 

 European plants by the glacial 

 epocli, 123 

 Great Britain and Japan, birds common 



to, 396 

 Greene, Dr. J. Reay, on chameleons in | 

 Bourbon and Mauritius, 435 j 



Greenland, loss of sun-heat by clouds in, 



147 i 



Greenland, an anomaly in the Northern 

 Hemisphere, 154 



Miocene flora of, 183 



Cretaceous flora of, 186 



flora of ice-surrounded rocks of, 522 

 Grinnell Land, fossil flora of, 184 

 Guernsey, peculiar caddis-fly in, 355 

 Gulick, Rev. J. T., on Achatinellinse, 318 

 Gilnther, Dr., on gigantic tortoises, 279 



on peculiar British fishes, 341 



on Urotrichus oihsii, 394 



on lizards in the London Dock.s, 431 



on Indian toads in Mauritius. 43S 

 Guppy, Mr., on chalk of Solomon Islands, 

 91 



H. 



Haast, Dr., on otter-like mammal in New 



Zealand, 475 

 Habitability of globe due to disproportion 



of land and water, 209 

 Haplothorax burclifUii, 299 

 Hartlaub, Dr., on " Leuiuria," 423, 426 

 Hi.tteria punctata, 483 

 Haughton, Professor, on heat carried by 



ocean-currents, 194 

 comparison of Miocene and existing 



climates, 197 

 on geological time, 211, 219 

 on thickness of sedimentary rocks, 



219 

 Hawaiian fauna and flora, antiquity of, 



328 

 Heat and cold, how dispersed or stored up, 



131 

 Heat required to melt snow, 134 



evolved by frozen water, its nature 



and eftects, 145 

 cut off by cloud and fogs, 145 

 Hector, Dr., on Triassic and Jurassic 



flora of New Zealand, 526 

 Heer, Professor, on chalk sea in Central 



Europe, 93 

 Heilprin, Professor, on insects of Bermuda, 



269 

 on land-shells of Bernmda, 270 

 Hell an the mum Breiceri, 360, 363 

 Heliodus, an American fossil, 69 

 Helix, 17 



Hemiptera of St. Helena, 303 

 Hepatica;, peculiar British, 366 



non-European genera of, in Britain, 



367 

 Hesperomys, 26 



Hesperornis allied to ostriches, 481 

 Hieraciuvi iricum, 362 

 High land essential to the production of a 



glacial epoch , 195 

 Ilildebrand, Dr. W., on flora of the 



Sandwicli Islands, 321 

 Himah. \ an birds and insects iu Celebes, 



462 

 Hippopotamus in Yorkshire as jn-oving 



a mild climate, 119 

 Ilochstetter on the aquatic mammal of 



New Zealand, 475 



