42 



phor is found in a concrete state in the cavities and fissures in the heart of 

 the tree. It is less volatile than the common camphor of commerce. Ed. P. 

 J. 6. 400. See remarks upon this tree in Blume's Flora Java. Shorea 

 robusta yields a balsamic resin used in the temples of India. The fruit of Va- 

 teria indica (Piney Tree) is boiled for the sake of a tallow, which rises to the 

 surface of the water, and forms a hard cake when cool. In this state it is 

 whitish, greasy to the touch, with rather an agreeable odour. It is extremely 

 tenacious and solid, but melts at a temperature of 97J-° Fahr. Brewst. 4. 186. 

 Examples. Dipterocarpus, Dryobalanops. 



XXXII. TERN^TROMIACEiE. 



TernstromiacEjE, Mirb. Bull. Philom. 381. (1813.)— Tehsntromiaceje, Dec. Mem. Soc. 11. 

 N. Genet, vol. 1. (1823) ; Prodr. 1. 523. (1824) ; Cambesscdcs Memoirc (1S28.)— Theaces, 

 Mirb. Bull. Phil. (1813.)— Camelliea:. Dec. Theor. Elem. ed. 1. (1813); Prodr. 1. 529. 

 (1824.) 



Diagnosis. Polypetalous dicotyledons, with hypogynous, indefinite, mona- 

 delphous, or polyadelphous stamens, concrete carpella, an ovarium of several 

 cells, with the placentae in the axis, a persistent, imbricated, many leaved 

 calyx, alternate simple leaves, and definite seeds. 



Anomalies. Cochlospermum has the ovarium 1-celled, with imperfect 

 septa, to the margins of which the ovula are attached. Leaves very rarely 

 opposite. Cambesstdes. 



Essential Character. — Flowers very rarely polygamous. Sepals 5 or 7, imbricated in 

 {estivation, concave, coriaceous, deciduous, the innermost often the largest. Petals 5, 6, or 9, 

 equal in number to the sepals, often combined at the base. Stamens very numerous; fila- 

 ments iAiiorm, monadelphous, or polyadelphous; anthers versatile or actuate. Ovarium 

 superior, with several cells; styles from 3 to /, filiform, more or less combined; ovules pen- 

 dulous, or erect, or peltate. Capsule 2-7-cellcd and capsular, with the dehiscence taking place 

 in various ways; sometimes coriaceous and indchiscent; usually with a central column. 

 Seeds large, attached to the axis, very few ; albumen none, or in very small quantity ; embryo 

 straight, bowed or folded back, the radicle turned to the hilum ; cotyledons very large, often 

 tilled with oil, occasi. tnalfy plaited lengthwise ; an arillus sometimes present.— Trees or shrubs. 

 Leaves alternate, coriaceous, without stipulce, usually undivided, now and then with pellucid 

 dots. Peduncles axillary or terminal, articulated at the babe, /''lowers generally white, sel- 

 dom pink or red, very rarely (in Cochlospermum) yellow. 



Affinities. This order originated in 1813, with M. Mirbel, who separated 

 some of its genera from Aurantiacea:, whore they had been placed by Jussieu, 

 and at the same time founded another closely allied order, under the name of 

 Theaceaj. These opinions were substantially adopted by Messrs. Kunth and 

 Decandolle, the latter of whom, moreover, formed several sections among his 

 Temstromiacese. It is, however, certain that no solid difference exists between 

 this last order and Theaceas, or Camelliese as they were called by Decandolle ; 

 and Cambessedes, after a careful revision of the whole, has come to the con- 

 clusion, that even the sections proposed by De< lolle among Ternstrbmiaccae 

 are untenable. I shall profit by M. Cambessedes' ol nervations in all I have to 

 say upon the order. Ternstrbmiaceee may be con p red, in the first, place, with 

 Guttiferte, with which they accord more closely than with any thing else, and 

 in the affinities of which they entirely participate. They differ thus : in Tern- 

 strbmiacete the leaves are alternate, to which there are scarcely any exceptions ; 

 they are always opposite in Gutlifera. In the former the normal number of 

 the parts of the flower appears to be 5 and its multiples ; in the Guttiferae it is 

 evidently two. In the former the calyx is always perfectly distinct from the 

 corolla ; these two organs are usually confounded in the latter. Ternstrb- 

 miaceaj have the petals generally united at the base, and a twisted aestivation ; 

 in Guttiferee they arc distinct, with a convolute aestivation. The seeds of the 



