102 



ble. Commers. according to Ad. de J. The nuts of another species are eaten 

 in Java and the Moluccas : but they are intoxicating, unless they are roasted. 

 Humph. The Anda of Brazil is famous for the purgative qualities of its seeds, 

 which are fully as powerful as those of the Palma Christi. The Brazilians 

 make use of them in cases of indigestion, in liver complaints, the jaundice, and 

 dropsy. The rind, roasted on the fire, passes as a certain remedy for diarrhoea 

 brought on by cold. According to Marcgraaf, the fresh rind steeped in wa- 

 ter communicates to it a narcotic property which is sufficient to stupify fish. 

 JVIartius Amcen. JWonac. p. 3. The seeds are either eaten raw, or are prepared 

 as an electuary ; they yield an oil, which is said, by M. Auguste St. Hilaire, to be 

 drying and excellent for painting ; in short, much better than nut oil. PI. Usu- 

 elks, 54. The bark of Briedelia spinosa, an Indian shrub, is, according to Rox- 

 burgh, a powerful astringent ; the leaves are greedily eaten by cattle, which, 

 by their means, free themselves of intestinal worms. The leaves of common 

 Box are sudorific and purgative ; according to Hanway, camels eat them in 

 Persia, but they die in consequence. Ad. de J. The flowers of Caturus spici- 

 florus are spoken of as a specific in diarrhcea, either taken in decoction or in 

 conserve. Burin. Ind. 303. The succulent fruit of Cicca disticha and race- 

 mosa is sub-acid, cooling, and wholesome. Its leaves are sudorific, and its seeds 

 cathartic. The capsules of Cluytia collina are poisonous, according to Rox- 

 burgh. The root and bark of Codiaeum variegatum are acrid, and excite a burn- 

 ing sensation in the mouth if chewed ; but the leaves are sweet and cooling. 

 Rumphius. The juice of Commia cochinchinensis is white, tenacious, emetic, 

 purgative, and deobstruent. Cautiously administered, it is a good medicine in 

 obstinate dropsy and obstructions. Lour. 743. The duina Blanca of Vera 

 Cruz is produced by the Croton Eluteria of Swartz, and is probably the Cas- 

 carilla of Europe. Schiede in Ann. des Sc. 18. 217. The drastic oil of Tig- 

 lium is expressed from the seeds of Croton Tiglium, formerly known in Europe 

 under the name of Grana molucca. It is said, by Dr. Ainslie, to have proved 

 in a singular manner emmenagogue. J\Iat. J\ted. 1. 108. A decoction of 

 Croton perdicipes, called Pe de Perdis, Alcamphora, and Cocallera, in different 

 provinces of Brazil, is much esteemed as a cure for syphilis, and as a useful 

 diuretic. PI. Us. 59. The root of another species, called Velame do Campo, 

 C. campestris, has a purgative root, also employed against syphilitic disorders. 

 lb. 60. The leaves of a species of Croton (C. gratissimum, Burchell,) are so 

 fragrant as to be used by the Koras of the Cape of Good Hope as a perfume. 

 Burch. 2. 263. Crozophora tinctoria yields the preparation called Tiirnsol ; 

 the plant itself is acrid, emetic, and drastic. An abundance of useful oil is ob- 

 tained from two species of Elreococca ; it is, however, only fit for burning and 

 painting, on account of its acridity. Ad. de J. Six sorts of European Euphor- 

 bias are named, by Deslongchamps, as fit substitutes for Ipecacuanha, the best 

 of which he states to be E. Gerardiana, the powdered root of which vomits 

 easily in doses of 18 or 20 grains. Ainslie, 1. 123. The root of Euphorbia 

 Ipecacuanha is said, by Barton, to be equal to the true Ipecacuanha, and in 

 some respects superior ; it is not unpleasant cither in taste or smell. Barton, 

 1. 218. [Bigelow, 3. 109.] Various species of fleshy Euphorbia, especially 

 theEuph.antiquorum and canariensis, produce thcdrugEuphorbiumof the shops, 

 which is the inspissated milky juice of such plants. In India it is mixed with 

 the oil expressed from the seeds of Sesamum orientale, and used externally in 

 rheumatic affections, and internally in cases of obstinate constipation. It is 

 little used in Europe. Orfila places it among his poisons. Ainslie, 1. 121. 

 Euphorbia papillosa is administered, in Brazil, as a purgative ; but is apt, if 

 given in too strong a dose, to cause dangerous superpurgations. PI. Usuelles, 

 18. The juice of the leaves of Euphorbia nereifolia is prescribed by the 

 native practitioners of India, internally as a purge and deobstruent, and exter- 



