205 



True Caprifoliacese are said by Mr. Brown to be distinguished from the other 

 genera hitherto associated with them, in the raphe being on the outer instead of 

 inner side of the ovulum. Brown in IValluh. PI. As. p. 15. 



Examples. Caprifolium, Lonicera, Linnaea, Abelia, Triosteum, Diervilla, 

 Schopfia. 



2. Sambucine.e. The Elder Tribe. 



Sambucineae, A. Rich, Diet, Class. 3. 173. (1823); Dec. and Duby, 244. 



(1828) ; Link Handb. 1. 662. (1829.) 



Corolla rotate. Ovarium 3- or 4-celled, with solitary pendulous ovules. 

 Styles 3 or 4. Flowers in cymes, the lateral ones often radiant. Leaves op- 

 posite. 



These pass into Lonicereas through Viburnum davuricum, which has the 

 tubular corolla of a Lonicera, and into Hydrangeaceas through the radiant- 

 flowered species of Viburnum. With Hedera they are connected through 

 Comus. 



Examples. Viburnum, Sambucus. 



3. Hederace^e. The Ivy Tribe. 



Hederacese, Ach. Rich, Bot. Med. 2. 449. (1823) ; Dec. and Duby, 244. 



(1828).— [Cornea;, Dec. Prod. 4. 271. (1830) in part.] 



Corolla polypetalous. Disk epigynous. Style 1. Drupe or berry with 

 1-seeded cells. Leaves opposite or alternate. 



• Ach. Richard considers this a distinct order, on account of its polypetalous 

 corolla and epigynous disk. 



Examples. Hedera, Comus. [Hedera is placed in Araliaceos by Decan- 

 dolle.] 



4. Hydrangeace^e. [Saxifrageee, tribe 4. Dec. Prod. 4. 13.] The Hydran- 

 gea Tribe. 



Corolla polypetalous. Style 2 to 5. Fruit succulent or capsular, 2- to 

 5-celled, many-seeded. Leaves opposite. Flowers in cymes, the lateral ones 

 often radiant. 



The characters of this tribe are so strongly marked as to justify its being 

 established as an independent order ; but the habit of the species is so entirely 

 that of Viburnum, that I am not willing to separate them without absolute 

 necessity. There is a remarkable resemblance between their seeds and those 

 of Begonia. 



Examples. Hydrangea, Adamia. 



Geography. Natives of the northern parts of Europe, Asia, and America, 

 passing downwards within the limits of the tropics ; found very sparingly in 

 northern Africa, and almost unknown in the southern hemisphere. 



Properties. The fragrance and beauty of plants of the Honeysuckle tribe 

 have been the theme of many a poet's song ; but independently of such recom- 

 mendations, they possess properties of considerable interest. Their bark is ge- 

 nerally astringent ; that of Lonicera corymbosa is used for dyeing black in 

 Chile. The flowers of the Elder are fragrant and sudorific, its leaves foetid, 

 emetic, and a drastic purgative ; qualities which are also possessed by the 

 Honeysuckle itself, and the fruit of the Ivy. The fruit of the Viburnum is 

 destitute of these properties, but has, instead, an austere astringent pulp, which 

 becomes eatable after fermentation, and is made into a sort of cake by the 

 North American Indians. Cornus mascula, or the Cornel tree, yields a fruit 

 which is sometimes eaten, but which does not deserve much praise. The 

 bark of Cornus florida and Cornus sericea is stated by Barton to be worthy of 

 ranking among the best tonics of North America ; nothing having been found 

 in the United States that so effectually answers the purpose of the Peruvian bark 



