ALG.E. Fcyai. 89 



rii.EOsroRE.-7-: axd fucaci-:.i-:, Timrtt. 



(Aplosporea:, Dene. Melaiiospore(e, Harv.) 



Murine Alg(e, Irown or olire-coloured, mucilagimun, variable in shape. Frond with 

 or uithout Herven, entire, or varioushj cat, sometimes j>ierced with holes, or twisted into 

 a spiral or furnislied icith floating bladders, or with a Jistular stem. Reproduction by 

 sporangia, tvith or without the development of antheria. 



Section a. Fucacieee. 



Roproductivo organs mulo and female, contained in conceptacles. Spores 

 motionless. 



Section b. Laminarietc. 

 Reproductive organs superficial sori. Spores usually mobile, germinating ■(vith- 

 out previous fertilization. In the section Larninarieie the sporangia are irregularly 

 distributed over the surthce of the frond, giving birth to ovoid zoospores, endowed 

 ■with active motion, and which germinate immediately they become tixed. In the 

 other section Facaciea ('wTack') the fi-uctification usually corresponds to tubercles, 

 dispersed over the frond, or imited in special organs in terminal or axial racemes. 

 Each tubercle indicates a fructiferous cavity or conceptacle in the thickness of the 

 frond. This conceptacle is filled with mucilage, and bears on its inner wall a number 

 of transparent ciliated cells At the season of reproduction such of these cells as are 

 to fructify, swell and give rise to numerous reproductive bodies which escape by 

 a minute central orilice, and soon divide into two, four or eight spores, which 

 quickly germinate. Sometimes the antheridia are developed on the same conceptacle 

 with the sporangia, sometimes on distinct individuals, as the species may be monoe- 

 cious or dioecious. The conceptacles are generally recognizable by their orange 

 colour. On the antheridia being discharged from the conceptacle, each gives birth to 

 numerous lageniform antherozoa marked with a single red granule, forming a dorsal 

 protuberance, and moving briskly by means of two unequal very mobile hairs or 

 cilia, the shortest in front and the other extending behind. When the antheridia 

 and sporangia occupy the same conceptacle, the latter are found at the bottom, whilst 

 the former line the upper liaK near the central aperture or point of issue. 



FLORIDIE^, Lamouroux. 

 (Rfiodospermcre, Harv. Chorisiosporea, Dene.) 

 Jlfarine or very rarely freshwater Aig(f. Rose, violet, purple, reddishhrou-n, or rarely 

 greenish, often mucilaginous, and variously formed, either of simple or branched filameids 

 {Dasya), or tubes united info a simple filamentous stem [Polysi/ihonia), or of irregular 

 membranous fronds (J'orphyra), or apparently foliaeeous [Dtlesseria), or cartilayinous 

 {Iridea), with or without nerves, entire or latticed {Ifemitrema, Thuretia), or umbellate 

 {Constantinia), or tomenlaceous {Catenella), or Jungermannoid {Leveillea, Rolyzonia), or 

 sometimes encrusted with lime and fragile {Corallina). Reproductive organs mona'cious 

 or dicccious. Sporangia either superficial or sunk in the frond, and contained in 

 variously-shaped conceptacles. Spores rounded or oblong, solitary or in fours. Anthe- 

 ridia variously formed or constituting part of the tissue of tlie frond, composed of colourless 

 cells each containing an antherozoid without vibratile hairs, and incapable of motion. In 

 place of hairs, however, each antherozoid is furnished tvith a tubular organ called 

 ' trichogyne.'' 



FUNGALES. 



Usually terrestrial polymorphous plants, sometime.s subterranean, often para- 

 sitic, destitute of ehloro])hyll or starch, of most varied form, colour, and consistence, 

 sometimes reduced to a few filaments or cells. Vegetative organs consisting of a 

 mycelium, or tissue of slender simple threads. Spores most minute, sometimes 

 superficial, at others borne upon projections called basii/ia, at others enclosed in 

 cells or sacs. 



Fungi arc divided into six tribes. 



