gramisej:. Ill 



IsAcnxK, R. Browne. 



Spikckls 2-flowcrc'J, the upper flower feiiKile, or rarely lierraaphroditc, the 

 lower male, or sometimes hermaplirodite, and both articulate ou the radiis. Outer 

 empty glumes 2, nearly eijual anil often very deciduous. Both the tloweriug glumes, 

 as well as the palero, of a firmer consistence than the outer ones, all awnless. 

 Cari/opsix inclosed in tlie jjluines and palea, as in I'anicuiH, but very frequ(!ntly those 

 of both flowers obtain maturity. 



I. PULCUELLA, lloth. Burma. India. Ceylon. China. 



I. MTosoTis, Nees. Kamorta. West of Euaca (K.). 



I. AUSTKALis, ]l. J5r. Ceylon. 



/. miliacea, Aiict. (non Eotli ?) 

 J?'. Uatacicum and lienjamini, Stend. 



var. humilis. Kamorta (K.). 



•1. ruLCUELLA, Koth. India. Silhet. Ceylon. S. China. 



TuorAREA, Persoon. 



Spikcletn in short one-sided androgynous spikes, in the axil of a sheathing bract. 

 Upper spikelets with 2 male flowers, lower one with a terminal hermaphrodite and 

 lower male flower, and all with only one outer empty glume. 



T. SAEMEXTOSA, I'ers. Beaches on West coast of Katchall (K.). 



Oniitliocephalochloa arcniaAa, Kz. Ceylon. Chiua. 



SiMMi'Ex, Linnaus. 



Spikelets dioecious, sessile, awnless. Barren ones in spikes, each one with 2 

 male flowers, and 2 outer empty glumes. Fertile spikelets solitary, with 2 outer 

 empty glumes, the third empty, or with a male flower, the terminal one with a her- 

 maphrodite flower. Spikes in the nude plants, and single flowers in the feitile ones, 

 collected in dense globular clusters, intermixed with loug, stifl', often prickly bracts. 



S. suuARROsus, L. Sandy shores of Burma and China. 



Of this plant Dr. Mason remarks : " The sea pink or ground rattan is one of the 

 most curious grasses in the country. It may be seen on all the sandy beaches, but 

 more particularly at Monmagon, where it covers the sands with its creeping sterna 

 and spiny leaves, and its loose umbels running about like things of life. The male 

 spikes congested into an umbel (says l)r. Cleghoru) are carried by the wind to the 

 female flowers, which are fascicled on a distinct plant, and being light and spherical, 

 the Butch call them 'wind-ball.' llumphius alludes to this plant, as being connected 

 with a superstition among the natives, who seeing the capitula (umbels) carried 

 along the shore by the sea-breeze, think they are propelled by the Devil. This 

 grass is cultivated on the sea-beach at Madras for the .sake of its sand-bindiug 

 properties and for its tendency to increase the land." 



According to Dr. Mason the Burmese books recognize seven kinds of Sahd or 

 cereals, in which however they include beans. Tliey are llice {Saba), Wheat 

 {(!iju)i<jsa-hi'i). Barley {Jln-i/ttii), JliUct {Pi/ui<>ii/-leh-kuuk), raspahui (/,«), Sorghum 

 i^ryuuny), and I'eas and Beans i^I'e/i). 



A XDROrOGOyiEJi. 



Spikelets geminate or in threes, polyyamom, the lateral male or neuter, very rarely 

 all fertile. Fertile spikelets composed of a hermaphrodite Jtoirer with a lower malefower. 

 Glumes subequal, or rarely unequal, the lowest largest. Glumelles membranoix, rarely 

 cartilagiiwas, lower glumelle of the hermaphrodite Jlower facing the upper glume. Stamens 

 3. Varyopsis with a panetifurm hilary spot. Stigmas long, protruding at or under 

 the top of the flower. 



Andkopogon, Zinnaus. 



Spikelets 1 -flowered, in pairs, 1 sessile, the other pedicellate, on a simple .spike or 

 along the spike-like branches of a simple or compound panicle, the rachis articulate at 



