PASDAMLE. 135 



surface of -wliich the linear-IamiHjluto stigmas arc situated. The foHaijo in the one is 

 darker green, l)ut the male llowtrs of both varieties arc exactly the same. Dr. 

 Hancc (in Trim. Jour. Lot. l«7u, p. 08) has remarkdl upon the variability of the 

 stigmas in screw-pines, but overlooked that I had mysell' pointed out this fact (Jour. 

 Bot. 18G7, p. 99) with the ciualitiiation, that they vaiy without therefore giving up 

 their essential value. The stignuis ought to be described from the ovaries, or the 

 young drui)es, but it is difticult to collect such. It is Usually only after the syncarps 

 have attained some size that they catch tlic eye. 



" The male organs appear to me to be of much liighcr value, in grouping the 

 species of Pandanus, but the time has not yet ariived, when these organs shall bo 

 available for all, or even for most of tlie species. Pandunm helicopus was correctly 

 placed by me iu the section liychia, as I find on re-examination of my uuiterial, and 

 I Lave also .since obtained the nude spadices of it, which show racemose anthers." 



The Pandanm is a useful tree. The basal pulpy [lart of the dru])es can be eaten 

 on emergency, as also can the tender white base of the leaves. The m;de flowers of 

 the P. odoratixximus exhale a delightful perfume. The leaves are used for thatching, 

 and when split up into strips, are made up into soft and durable mats, used either for 

 packing purposes or made into bags to hold different sorts of produce, whilst from the 

 tough strong roots, split up, baskets arc made. 



FiiETCiNETiA, Gdudieliaud. 



Flowers diceeious, or rarely spuriously p(dygamous, in simple or branched 

 spadices. ]\[ales : Stamens free, naked. Anllwrs ^-celled, opening longitudinally. 

 Femidex: Oraries naked, or stirroundcd by sterile stamens, united into bundles, 1 -celled, 

 with as many parietal placentas, as sessile stignuis. Onifes numerous, attached in 2 

 series to the placentas. Bcrrici united in a fleshy syncaip. Seeds very numerous, 

 minute. 



F. iNsiGxis, BL, E.S.S. Tree forests of the Andamans, 



Katchall, and Kamorta (K.). 



Leaves 3-stichous, 1.1-3 feet long, spiuulose-serrute in the margins and mid-rib. 

 Stigmas 3-1, horse-shoe shape. 



F. scANDEXs, Gaud. Katchall and Kamorta (K.). 



Kurz is in doubt if this is Gaudichaud's plant, or the young state of the last. 



PALMALES. 



Flotrers hermaphrodite, unisexual, or polygamous. Periauih double, each of 3 

 segments in 2 distinct series, imbricate or valvate in bud. Stiimeim 6, or rarely 

 more, or three only. Anthers versatile, 2 celled, (iein-i/ usually consistiug of 3 carpels, 

 free or united, in a 3-celled ovary, with a solitary or rarely 2 erect ovules in each 

 carpel or cell. Stir/mas 3, usually sessile, undivided. Fnn't either a 3- or 1-celled 

 drupe or beiry, or consisting of 3 distinct drupes or berries, either all develoi)ed, 

 or 1 or 2 of them aborted. Pericarp smooth, or variously rough, retrorsely scaled. 

 Seed erect or laterally attaclied. Albumen first milky, then indurating and homy, or 

 bony-homogeneous, or acuminate, solid, or hoUovi' in the centre, or outside. Embryo 

 small, in a cavity near the outside of the albumen. Sim/'le or soboliferous trees, erect 

 or decumbent, very rarely branched, or lofty scandent shnxbs. Leaves usually very 

 large, usually crowded at the summit of the trunk, or alternate folded in the bud, 

 pinnately or palmately divided, rarely simple, the petioles more or less sheathing. 

 Flowers comparatively small, usually sessile, in simple or panicled spikes, enclosed 

 when young in several, or rarely in single sheathing bracts, called spathes, and 

 usually with 3 small bractlets under each flower. 



