220 BURMA, ITS PEOPLE AND PRODUCTIONS. 



Sub-division a. Ovary inferior. Perianth more or less distinct in 

 THE MALE, OR FEMALE, OR BOTH. Obscure ill some BalaitophorccB. 



SANTA LES. 



Fhiwers hermaphrodite or diclinous. Pcrinntk usually conspicuous, coloured, 

 polymorphous, and valvate. Orori/ 1 or 2-celled. Ondes usually reduced to a naked 

 nucleus. Fi-iiit a 1-seeded berry or drape. Parasitic herbs or slu'ubs. 



Order BALAI^OPHOEE^. 



Flowers male or female, rarely hermaphrodite. Perianih of male usually trilobate, 

 valvate. of female various or none. Stamens usually 3, monadelphous (in C;/i)oiiiorii<m, 

 1). Ovarii 1 or 2-celled, cells 1-ovuled. Ovule, pendulous, often adnate to the cell- 

 wall. Emlryo undivided, in fleshy or granular albumen. Fleshy, scapigerous, leafless 

 parasites, on forest trees. 



EVBALANOPnoni'EJE. 

 Perianth in ]ier)naphro(l if e flowers 3-5 lohed. In females, none. Stamens monadel- 

 phous. Anthers cvtrorse. Ovary \-celled. Style 1. Ovule pendulous, anatropous. 



Balanopiioka, Forst. 

 B. TrrnnjA, Wall. (M.). 



B. GIGANTEA, Wall. (M.). 



Tliese parasites give rise to the enlarged knots on the roots of maple, oak, and 

 other trees, from wliich the Tibetans manufacture drinking cups, which are susceptil.)le 

 of a good polisli and are often handsomely mounted with silver. Dr. Mason, however, 

 makes no mention of these knots being so used in Burma. 



CYXOMOItlE^E. 

 Flon:ers hertnaphrodite or miise.vual hy arrest; irith a distinct perianth snjicrior 

 hi the male, sometimes wantiny in the female. Stamens free. Anthers 2-cellcd, deltiseing 

 lonyitudinallij. Ovary 1-cellcd. Style sinr/le. Ovule solitary, pendulous. 



Cyxohoeium. 



C. sp. 



Wallieh records a species of tliis genus from Tcnassoriin, which is valuable for its 

 styptic qualities. C. coccineum was similarly valued by the Crusaders for its styptic 

 virtues in htemorrhage and diarrhcca. 



Order SANTALACE.E. 



Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Perianth simple or very rarely double, 

 the tube wliolly or partially adiiate to the ovary and confluent with tlie pedicel, tlie 

 limb 3 or 5 lobed or cleft, valvate or nearly so, deciduous or persistent. Stamens as 

 many as perianth lobes and opposite to them, inserted at the base or within the fi'ce 

 part of tliem. Filaments sliort. Anthers 2-, rarely 4-cened, erect or dorsifixed, usually 

 opening by longitudinal slits. iJisk epigynous and often plain, sometimes with free 

 margins and crenate. Ovary inferior orfii-st free, and soon adnate, or half inferior (rarely 

 .superior), 1 -celled, with 2 or 5 ovules .suspended from a free central erect placenta. 

 Fruit an indehiscent nut or berry, 1 -seeded from abortion. Albumen fleshy. Emlryo 

 straight, with a superior radicle. Cotyledons linear or oblong, convex, shorter than 

 the radicle. Shrubs or herbs, rarely trees, terrestrial, or sometimes parasitic with 

 alternate, rarely opposite, simple leaves. Stipules none. Flowers usually small, 

 green or puri)lish, in terminal or lateral heads, cymes or spikes. 



