AMESTACE^. 259 



Leaves oblong, 3-4 inches long, minutely serrate, glabrous, slightly glaucescent 

 beneath. Catkins sessile, in short racemes, the males slender, 1-2^ inches long, the 

 females very short and small. 



C.iun.N'us, Tournef. 



Scales of the catkins sessile. Female catkins loose, spike-like, bracts solitary> 

 each in a 3-lobod leafy involucre. 



C. viMiNEA, Wall. Hills east of Toung-ngoo at 5000 to 0000 feet. 



!^[ale flowers 6-12, stamens in the axil of ovate, acute bracts. Filaments slender, 

 not exserted. Female flowers by pairs in the axil of caducous bracts. Ovary many- 

 nerved, unequally lobed at the apex, 2-colled, with 2 placentas and 2 pendulous 

 ovules from one of them, the other being sterile. Xuts woody, 1-celled and 1 -seeded, 

 2 lines long, acute, 7-8 nerved, resinous dotted. Albumen none. 



* * * Ovnrij S-d-ci'lled, uu'th 2 suspended orules in each cell ; most of the orttles 

 abortive. J't'ufs solitary or several, rather large, inclosed in the enlarged winykss, dry, 

 spiny, scaly, or smooth involucre, or tlie thin involucre nduced to a cup. 



Castaxea, Tournef. 



Male flowers clustered and surrounded by bracts forming catkins. Perianth 5-6- 

 lobed. Stamens 10-15, usually twice as many as perianth lobes. Filaments slender. 

 Anthers minute, 2-celled. Female flowers by 3-1 within a scaly involucre. Perianth 

 6-parted, the lobes blunt, in 2 rows. Ovary 3-6-celled. Styles 3 (rarely more), 

 linear. Nuts 3-1, inclosed in a globular, eehinate involucre. Trees quite of the 

 habit of oaks. 



* Fruits armed with simple or compound sharp spines. 

 f Leaves sharply serrate. 



C. lyniCA, Eoxb. Chittagong. 



All softer parts and leaves beneath tawny tomentose. 



f f Leaves entire, or remotely serrate towards the apex. 

 X Fruits more than an inch in diameter ; spines long and crowded. 

 X Young shoots puhescent. 

 C. BivEitsiFOLiA, Kz. Hills East of Toung-ngoo at 3500 to 



Kyan-za (Kurz). °"'^'^ ^'^'^'^■ 



Spines of involucre straight and slender, glabrous. Spikes robust, tomentose. 

 C. RoxisuKGHii, Ldl. F.T. Chittagong. 



Spines of involucre curved and strong, tawny pubescent. 



X X Quite glabrous. 

 C. AEGK.MEA, Bl. E.T. Tree forcsts of Raugoon and Tcnassorim. var. /i 



Hills East of Toung-ngoo at fiOOO to 7000 feet. 

 Loaves beneath silvery. Male spikes robust and densely tomentose. Spines 

 of fruit simple and free. 



var. a argentea. 



var. /3 tungurrut, Bl. Lower and stunted. Spines longer and more slender. 

 C. Javanica, Bl. E. T. Tree forests of Pegu and Tenasserim. 



var. ji Upper Tenasserim. 



Leaves beneath, tawny, somewhat metallic. JIale spikes very slender, greyish- 

 pubescent. Spines of fruit clustered or basally connate. 



var. a Javanica, Bl. 



var. /3 Falconeri, Hance. Spines of less pubescent involucre less crowded, 

 higher up, connate, and somewhat conij)ressed. 

 Wood brown, heavy, close-grained, strong. 



