COMPOSITE. 401 



X X Flower-heads usiiallt/ radiate, the corollas li'ffidafe-2-lij)j>ed, rarely litjulate. 



Gkrbkra, Gron. 



Involucre turbinato or boll-sliaped, tlic bracts unequal, imbricate. Itay -fiurets in 

 1 or 2 rows, 2-li|ipeil, the li^ules 3-4-ncrved. Achcnei usually beaked. Pappus 

 redilish. Herbs, the leaves radical. 



G. (Arnica) piloselloides, L. Hills in Karou-ni i^fide Mason). 



G. ovalifulia, D.C. 



The Cape-])lant grows on sand-liills and lias larger flower-heads and shorter, more 

 robust scapes (Kurz). 



Sub-order CICHORIA CEJE. 



Flower-heads homogamous, all the florets ligulate and hermaphrodite. Sti/le not 

 thictened at the apex, the branches filiform, revolute, and puberulous. Herbs, tall 

 or small, never woody, with fistulose stems, the sap always milky. 



* Pappus paleaceous, awned, coronate or none. 

 HYOSERIDIE.E. 

 Inrolucre various. Arhenes truncate at the top. Pappus consisting more or less 

 of small scales or scalrlefs alternating with bristles, or none. 



CicHouruM, Ltnncrus. 



Inner involucral bracts in 1-2 rows, almost equal, erect, the outer ones short, lax, 

 or wanting. Pappus none or very minute. Florets large, blue. Kigid branched herbs. 



C. ixTYiirs, L. var. fi cultivated in Prome and the drier districts. 



var. [i C. cndiiia, L. Floral leaves broadly ovate, half-stem- clasping with 

 a cordate base, the lower leaves usually only sinuate. 



* * Bristles of pappus [at least those of the central achenes) capillary, smooth or 

 feathery. 



CEEPIDIE^E. 



Involucre caly.t-like or rarely imbricate. Achenes contracted at the base, rarely 

 columnar. Herbs. 



* Hairs of indument simple. Innermost bracts of the involucre usually thickening 

 at the base. 



CRErrs, Linnaus. 



Involucre of a single row of nearly equal bracts, with a few small outer ones. 

 Achenes not at all or scarcely flattened, very shortly contracted at the top. J'appus 

 sessile, of numeroiis simple capillary bristles or hairs. Herbs with leafy stems. 



C. (Prkxaxthes) Japo-MCA, L. Ava and Martaban in cultivated land. 



P. lyrata, Thbg. 



Youngia Mauriiiana, runeinata, Thunlergiana and najiifolia, D.C. 



Y. ambigua va\(\. poosia, D.C. 

 Prenanthes procumbens, Koxb. 

 P. striata, Bl. 



** Hairs of indumentum (if present) stellate, often accompanied by simple ones, or 

 the indument intricately woolly. Innermost bracts of the involucre not thickening. 



HiEiuciuM, Linnaus. 



Receptacle naked or very shortly fibrillose. Lristles of the paj>pus ratlier stiff, 

 fragile, persistent, simple. Heibs. 



H. SiinEiE.vsE, D.C. Tenassorim. 



LACTCCACIEJ;. 

 Involucre caly.r-like or rarely imbricate. Achenes contracted at both ends, or beaked. 

 Bristles of pappus simple, the hairs if present simple. Herbs. 



VOL. II. 26 



