636 BURMA, ITS PEOPLE AXD PPiODUCTIOXS. 



Several species of Gnrcinia yield cdilile fi-uits, and the seeds of G. pwyurfa (and 

 possibly some other species) yield a vegetable butter, called in India " Kokuni 

 butter." To obtain tliis the seeds arc dried, poTmde<l, and then boiled in water ; the 

 oil concreting on the surface when the water cools. Tlie oil is bland and alimentary, 

 and well adapted for forming ointments in a country where animal fats are objected 

 to. Tlie timber of the Garcinias is inferior, but Kurz says that G. speciosa yields a 

 good and durable wood. 



OcnnocAHPUs, Thouars. 



CaJijx closed in bud, bursting into two valves. 



0. (CiLrsicciou) SiAiiENSis. E.T. Prouie Hills. Hare in Maitaban. 



Tar-hpi. 



CALOPHYLLIEJE. 

 Sti/le clungate, the stigmtt pdtate or ^-clcff. Seeds uiiliuut an'Hus. 



CiLornYLLUM, Limueus. 



Floicers polygamous. Sepals and petals together 1-12, imbricate, in 2 or 3 series. 

 Stamens numerous, free or nearly so. Anthers 2-cened. Orary 1-oelIed, with a single 

 erect ovule. Style rather long. Stie/ma peltate. Drupe indeliiscent, crustaceous, 

 1-seeded. Trees with coriaceous parallel-veined leaves. Flowers white, fragrant, in 

 cymes or panicles. 



''' Sepals 4, ofte)! tlic 2 inner ones or all, pelal-lih'. Petals none. 

 C. SPECTABILE, Willd. E.'P. Trii])ical forests of Tenasseiim and the 



C. tetrapetalum, liosb. Audamans. 



Pan-ta-kha err ga. 



Flowers about 8 lines in diameter, in peduucled or almost sessile umbel-like cymes. 



C. AM^KUM, Wall. E.T. Tenasserim. 



Flowers small, racemes short and strong, flowers few. 



* * Sepals 4. Petals A to%. 

 C. roLTANTnuM, "Wall. E.T. Martaban Hills East of Touug-ngoo 



Leaves at both ends acuminate. "^^ ^000 to 4000 feet. 



C. INOPHTLLUM, L. E.T. Within the tideway, Pegu, Tenasserim, Andamaus 



C. hitangor, Roxb. and Nicobars. Is often washed by the sea. 



' Pong-nyet.' 



Leaves rounded or retuse at the apes. 



Kurz is decidedly wrong in describing this wood as heavy (03 lbs.). Brandis 

 gives 39 lbs., and my highest weight for the seasoned wood is 42 lbs. In the opinion 

 of Drs. Gilson and Cleghorn, the valuable ' poon ' spars arc jiroducod by C. ani/usti- 

 fuliuni, or some allied species. Kurz (in his Sketch of the Kicobar Vegetation, 

 J.A.S.B. 1876, Part ii. p. 119) says: "Mr. Jelinek remarks that the Xicohareso build 

 their canoes of this tree," and adds in a note, " I doubt this, for the Nicobarese 

 cut the trees for their canoes far in the interior, while C. inophijllum is a shore tree. 

 The timber of their boats more resembles that of Arfoearpas." Now there is in Burma 

 a fine lofty tree growing on the hills, and to judge by its wood an Lmpl/i/llam, in good 

 request for canoes, for which its light tough wood well fits it. The Burmese name 

 is 'Tar-hpi' or 'Ta-ra-phi,' and the tree that I so understand averages under 40 lbs. 

 to the cubic foot. The name, however, probably applies to other species, as Brandis 

 gives its weight as 57 lbs. T//e wood of both ^ Ponej ntjet and ' Tar-hpi' is identical in 

 appearance, but the former is a tree of squat stunted growth, whereas the ' Tar-hpi ' 

 runs up into magnificent trees with straight stems, fitted to yi(dd the largest spars or 

 canoes, and its wood is moreover the lighter of the two. ('. anyustij'oliuin, Ilo.\b., is 



