FLORA OF THE Ul'l'EU SUSQUEHANNA. 97 



trees on the northern slope of South Mountain, Millspaugh; 

 Clute. Bark detaching in thin, papery layers, not aromatic. 

 Leaves ovate, taper-pointed. 



ALNUS G.'ERTN. 



A. nisosa (Ehrh.) Koch. Smooth Alder. Tag Alder. Black 

 Alder. Common along streams, borders of swamps and in all 

 low grounds. Not reported from the Chemung and Chenango 

 valleys. A tall shrub, well known. {A. serrulata Willd. ) 



A. Incana (L. ) Willd. Hoary Alder. Speckled Alder. Not 

 so common as the preceding except in the northern part of our 

 range. Found in the same places. 



CORYLUS L. 



C. Americana Walt. Common Hazel-nut. Bonneted Hazel- 

 nut. Tolerably common in damp thickets. Rare in Susque- 

 hanna and Chenango counties. The nuts are often gathered and 

 go by the name of filberts. 



C. rostrata Ait. Beaked Hazel-nut. Plentiful throughout our 

 range in dryish soil, forming thickets. ]More abundant than the 

 preceding. Nut at the bottom of a bottle-shaped involucre that 

 is densely clothed with slender prickles. 



OSTRYA Scop. 



O. Virginlana (Mill.) Willd. Iron-wood. Hop-Hornbeam. Lev- 

 er-wood. Tolerably common in rich, moist woods. Leaves 

 like the black birch; bark fine and shreddy; fruit resembling 

 hops. A slender tree with exceedingly hard, fine-grained wood, 

 used in making mallets, levers, fish-poles, etc. ( O. Virginica 

 Willd. ) 



CARPINUS L. 



C. Caroliniana Walt. Hornbeam. Water-Beech. Iron-wood-^ 

 Blue Beech. Abundant along streams and in damp woodlands. 

 Bark dark gray, smooth like the beech; fruit somewhat like the- 

 preceding. Wood very hard. This species is remarkable for- 

 its ridged trunk, which gives it a very muscular appearance. 



