60 CYPEKACEAE. 



the larger usually more than 12-flowered, the lower slender-stalked: perigynia 

 oblong, 3-4 mm. long, beakless, nearly twice as long as the scales. — S. Not 

 common, in dry fields and banks. — Schists, serpentine. — Sum. 



48. C. graclUima Schwein. Culms glabrous, 3-10 dm. long: leaves dark-green, 

 glabrous; blades 3-9 mm. wide, shorter than the culm: lower bract foliaceous: 

 spikes 3-5, 2-6 cm. long, nearly 4 mm. thick, filiform-stalked and drooping, 

 the upper one partly or wholly staminate: scales ovate-oblong, pale, mostly i 

 as long as the perigynia : perigynia ovoid-oblong, rounded at apex, beakless, 

 few-nerved, glabrous, 3 mm. long or less. — S. Bather rare, in meadows. — 

 Serpentine. — Spr. 



49. C. prasina Wahl. Leaves light-green; blades flaccid, roughish, 2.5-5 mm, 

 wide: culms glabrous, slender, slightly roughened above, 3-angled, 3-7 dm. 

 long: lower bract similar to the leaves, commonly overtopping the spikes: stami- 

 nate spike short-stalked, often partly pistillate : pistillate spikes 2 to 4, narrowly 

 linear-cylindric, drooping, the low^er filiform-stalked, 2-6 cm. long, 4 mm. in 

 diameter, rather loosely many-flowered: scales ovate, acute, acuminate, or short- 

 awned, pale-green, shorter than the perigynia : stigmas 3 : perigynia light- 

 green, ovate-lanceolate, nerveless or nearly so, 3-4 mm. long, each tapering into 

 a slender, minutely 2-toothed beak. — N. S. Rare, in rich woods and meadows. 

 — Sandstones and shales, schists. — Sum. 



50. C. Davisii Schwein. & Torr. Culms 3-9 dm. long: sheaths and often foliage 

 pubescent. Leaves pubescent ; blades 3-6 nmi. wide : lower bract foliaceous : 

 spikes 3-5, clustered, or the lower one distant, 6 mm. in diameter, 1-3.5 cm. 

 long, at length spreading or drooping, the terminal one staminate at the base: 

 scales ovate-lanceolate, long-awned, shorter or longer than the perigynia: peri- 

 gynia much swollen, strongly several-nerved, 4—5 mm. long, each with a short 

 minutely 2-toothed loeak. — M. Rare, in moist meadows and thickets. — Lime- 

 stones. — Spr. and sum. 



51. C, flexuosa Muhl. Culms rough above, 1-9 dm. long: blades 2-5 mm. 

 wide: staminate spike short-stalked, sometimes partly pistillate: pistillate 

 spikes 2—4, linear, 3-4 mm. thick, filiform-stalked and spreading or drooping: 

 scales ovate or oblong, i as long as the perigynia or longer, usually tawny- 

 tinged, obtuse to short cuspidate: perigynia spindle-shaped, membranous, 

 sessile, glabrous, faintly few-nerved, obtusely 3-angled, 4.5-6.5 mm. long, less 

 than 2 mm. thick, each tapering into a short 2-toothed beak. [C. tenuis 

 Rudge.] — S. Rather rare^ in woods. — Schists. — Sum. 



52. C. Swanii (Fernald) Mackenzie. Culms slender, rough above, 1.5-5 dm tall: 

 leaves light-green, pubescent, especially the sheaths; blades 2.5 mm. wide, 

 nari'owly linear-elongate: lower bract setaceous, 0.5 mm. wide, much exceeding 

 spikes: spikes 2-5, short-stalked, oblong-cylindric, erect or nearly so, 6-20 mm. 

 long, 3-5 mm. in diameter, the terminal one staminate below: scales oblong- 

 ovate, cuspidate, slightly shorter than the perigynia: perigynia 3-sided, 2 mm. 

 long, obovoid, pubescent, green, beakless, the orifice entire. [C virescens 

 authors, not Muhl.] — Common, in thickets. — Sum. 



53. C. virescens Muhl. Similar to the next preceding species, but taller and 

 more spreading. Lower sheaths strongly reddened: culms exceeding leaves: 

 lowest bract leaf-like, 0.5-3 mm. wide, somewhat exceeding spikes. Leaves 

 pubescent; blades 3-4 mm. wide: spikes 2-5, linear-cylindric, rather loose, 3 mm. 

 in diameter, the terminal one staminate below, the lower one commonly filiform- 

 stalked: scales ovate, shorter than the perigynia: perigynia elliptic, strongly 

 several-ribbed, narrowed at each end, 2 mm. long, rather more than 1 mm. thick. 

 [C. costata Schwein; C. costellata Brit.] — S. Rather rare, on moist banks. — 

 Schists. ■ — Sum. 



54. C. complanata Torr. Culms rough above, 1.5-9 dm. long: leaves bright- 

 green or light-green, pubescent; blades 2-4 mm. wide: spikes 2-5, dense, erect, 



