CONVALLAEIACEAE. 77 



2. V. stellata (L.) Morong. Stems 2-5 dm. tall: leaves minutely pubescent; 

 blades ovate, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 7-14 cm. long: sepals about 4 mm. 

 long: petals 5-5.5 mm. long: berries 7-10 mm. in diameter, green with black 

 stripes or black. — Lower Susquehanna valley. In woods, chiefly on islands in 

 the river. 



3. UNIFOLIUM Adans. Herbs with simple stems. Leaves few. Flowers 

 in a terminal raceme. Filaments filiform or subulate. Stigmas 2. Ovules 2 in 

 each ovary-cavity. Berries spreading. 



1. U. canadense (Desv.) Greene. Stem 5-15 cm. tall: leaves 2 or 3; blades 

 ovate to lanceolate, 2-8 cm. long, truncate or subcordate at the base: sepals 

 and petals 2.5-3.5 mm. long: berries globular, about 4 mm. in diameter, red- 

 speckled. — Bather common, in moist woods. — Spr. — Tavo-leaved Solomon 's 



SEAL. 



4. UVULARIA L. Herbs with terete forking stems. Leaf-blades per- 

 foliate, membranous, smooth-margined. Sepals and petals acuminate. Anthers 

 longer than the filaments. Ovary nearly globular. Seeds about i covered with 

 the thin aril. 



1. U. perfoliata L. Stem 1-8 dm. tall: leaf -blades oblong or oval, or slightly 

 broadened upward, 3-6 cm. long: pedicels 5-25 mm. long: anther-connectives 

 acute : capsules about 1 cm. long. — Common, in rich woods. — Spr, — Bellwort. 



5. OAKESIEIjLA Small. Herbs with angled forking stems. Leaf -blades 

 sessile, leathery, scabrous-margined. Sepals and petals blunt. Anthers longer 

 than the filaments. Ovary oblong. Seeds with a swollen spongy raphe. 



1. O. sessilifolia (L.) Small. Stem 1-4 dm. tall: leaf -blades elliptic to oblong, 

 3-8 cm. long, thin: sepals and petals 1.5-2 cm. long, nearly linear: capsules 

 oval 1.5-2.3 cm. long. Common, in moist woods and on banks. — Spr. — Bell- 

 wort. 



6. POLYGONATUM [Tourn.] Mill. Herbs with jointed rootstocks and 

 simple stems. Leaves spreading: blades sessile. Flowers 1 or few terminating 

 axillary peduncles, drooping. Perianth white or greenish: lobes erect or nearly 

 so. Filaments adnate to the middle of the perianth-tube or above it. Berries 

 globular, blue or nearly black. Seeds flattened. — Spr. — Solomon 's-seal. 



Filaments rough, adnate to the perianth-tube for about % its lengtli. 



1. P. hiflorum. 

 Filaments smooth, adnate to the perianth-tube for about % 



its length. 2. P. commutatum. 



1., P. biflorum (Walt.) Ell. Stems 2-9 dm. tall: leaf-blades oval, oblong, or 

 oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 cm. long, pubescent beneath: peduncles commonly 2- 

 flowered: perianth 8-12 mm. long: berries 6-8 mm. in diameter. — Common, in 

 moist woods and on banks. 



2. P. commutatum (R. & S.) Dietr. Stems 3-25 dm. tall: leaf -blades oblong, 

 oblong-lanceolate, oval, or oval-ovate, 5-15 cm. long, glabrous: peduncles 

 usually more than 2-flowered: perianth 10-20 mm. long: berries 8—12 mm. in 

 diameter. — S. Eather common, in rich soil, especially near streams. — Schists. 



Family 6. DRACAENACEAE. Yucca Family. 



Shrubby plants or trees, with woody, generally copiously leafy, 

 caudices. Leaves alternate : blades narrow, firm or rig-id, sometimes filif- 

 erous. Flowers in racemes or jjanicles terminating scape-like stems. 



