78 TEILLIACEAE. 



Calyx of 3 generally white or pale sepals. Corolla of 3 petals nearly 

 similar to the sepals. Androeeium of 6 stamens. Gynoecium superior, of 

 3 united carpels. Style stout, sometimes obsolete during anthesis. Fruit 

 a primarily loeulicidal capsule, sometimes indehiscent or baccate. 



1. YUCCA [Eupp.] L. Caudex commonly leafy throughout. Flowers 

 perfect, relatively large, in panicles or racemes. Sepals and petals several- 

 nerved, deciduous. Ovules numerous. Capsule dehiscent^ or baccate. Seeds 

 black. 



1. Y. filamentosa L. Caudex short: leaves firm, 3-6 dm. long, stiiHy erect or 

 spreading, with curly fibers: panicle-branches usually glabrous: capsules 5-6 

 cm. long : seed lustrous, about 7 mm. long. — M. Eare, on banks of the Little 

 Chiquesalunga Creek. Escaped from gardens. Nat. southward. — Sum. — 

 Bear-grass. Adam's-needle. 



Family 7. TRILLIACEAE. Trillium Family. 



Perennial herbs Avith rootstocks. Leaves in a whorl on the stem, or 

 basal and wanting on the mature plant: blades broad. Bracts leaf-like 

 in a whorl at the top of the scape or peduncle. Flowers perfect, solitary 

 or in a terminal cluster. Calyx of 3 sepals. Corolla of 3 petals more or 

 less different from the sepals. Androeeium of 6 stamens. Gynoecium of 

 3 united carpels. Stigmas 3. Ovules several in each ovary-cavity. Fruit 

 baccate. 



Flowers several in an umbel-like cluster : sepals and petals nearly alike : flowering 

 stem with a whorl of leaves and a whorl of bracts. 1. Medeola. 



Flowers solitary : sepals and petals very different : flowering stem 



(scape) with only a whorl of leaf-like bracts. 2. Trillium. 



1. MEDEOLA [Gronov.] L. Caulescent herbs, with long brittle rootstocks. 

 Leaves and bracts with thinnish blades. Pedicels slender, more or less declined. 

 Anthers shorter than the filaments. 



1. M. virginica L. Stem 2-9 dm. tall: leaves 4-10; blades elliptic, spatulate, 

 or obovate, 5-15 cm. long: bracts smaller than the leaves: sepals and petals 

 greenish, 9-11 cm. long: berries spheroidal, 8-15 mm. thick, dark-purple. — 

 Common, in moist woods. — Spr. — Indian cucumber-root. 



2. TRILLIUM L. Scapose herbs with firm corm-like rootstocks. Leaves 

 and bracts with thick blades. Pedicels stout, or solitary flower sessile. Anthers 

 longer than the filaments. — Spr. — "Wake-robin. Birthroot. 



Stigmas stout, tapering, the tips recurved : anthers stout : petals less than 4 cm. 

 long : berry ovoid. 

 Stamens overtopping tlie stigmas ; filaments mostly less 



than % as long as the anthers. 1. T. erectum. 



Stamens overtopped by the stigmas ; filaments mostly over 



% as long as the anthers. 2. T. cernuum. 



Stigmas slender, of equal diameter throughout, mostly erect 

 or spreading : anthers slender : petals over 4 cm. long : 

 berry subglobose. 3. T. grandiflornm. 



1. T. erectum L. Scape 3-6 dm. tall: bracts 8-18 cm. long; blades rhombic, 

 often broader than long: pedicel 3-10 cm. long, erect or nearly so: sepals 

 oblong or lanceolate, 2-3.5 cm. long: petals lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 brown-purple or nearly white: anthers 5-9 mm. long: berry purple or nearly 

 black. — Common, in rich woods along the river and creeks. 



2. T. cernuum L. Scape 2-6 dm. tall : bracts 6-12 cm. long ; blades sometimes 

 decidedly wider than long: petals white, broadly ovate: anthers 8-10 mm. long: 

 berry purple. — Frequent, in rich woods along the river and creeks. 



