EOSACEAE. 147 



15-20 mm. long: follicles 5-6 mm. long. — Susquehanna valley. Occasional, 

 on wooded hillsides. — Sum. — Indian-physic. Bowman 's-root. 



4. EUBACER Eydb. Partly shrubby diffuse plants. Leaf-blades pal- 

 mately lobed. Flowers corymbose or racemose. Carpels borne on a flat 

 receptacle. Fruit depressed-hemispheric or nearly flat. 



1. R. odoratum (L.) Eydb. Stems 1-3 m. tall, clammy-pubescent: leaf -blades 

 5-30 cm. wide, 3-5-lobed : sepals elongate, each with an ovate or oblong-ovate 

 body and a slender appendage: petals rose-purple or rarely white, 1.5-2 cm. 

 broad: fruits red, 15-20 mm. broad, insipid. — Occasional, on rocky banks in 

 the Conestoga valley. — Limestones. — Sum. — FLOVi^ERiNG-RASPBERRY. 



5. RUBUS [Tourn.] L. Perennial erect or trailing herbs, or shrubs. 

 Leaf-blades lobed or 3-7-foliolate. Flowers solitary or variously disposed. 

 Carpels borne on a convex or conic receptacle. Fruit hemispheric to elongate. 

 — Spr. — Easpberry. Blackberry. 



Fruit falling away from the dry receptacle: petals erect. (Raspberries). 



Stems prickly, glabrous : fruit purple-black or black. 1. R. occidentalis. 



Stems bristly, not glabrous : fruit red. 



Sepals sparingly bristly with pale hairs : petals over 



half as long as the sepals : fruits wider than long : 



achenes narrow, much longer than wide. 2. R. strigosiis. 



Sepals copiously bristly with dark hairs : petals less 



than half as long as the sepals: fruits longer than 



wide : achenes broad, about as wide as long. 3. R. plioenicolasius. 



Fruit persistent on a fleshy receptacle : petals spreading. 

 (Blackberries). 

 Stems erect, ascending, or recurved. 



Leaf-blades white-woolly beneath. 4. R. ciineifolius. 



Leaf-blades not white-woolly beneath. 



Branches of the inflorescence, and petioles, dis- 

 tinctly glandular-pubescent. 

 Fruit broadly oval or nearly spherical, very juicy. 5. R. nigroJiaccus. 

 Fruit narrowly oblong or thimble-shaped, com- 

 paratively dry. G. R. allcghcnlcnsis. 

 Branches of the inflorescence, and petioles, villous, 



strigose, or nearly glabrous, scarcely glandular. 7. R. frondosus. 

 Stems trailing, creeping, or decumbent. 



Leaflets thin, membranous : leaves deciduous. 

 Stems merely prickly. 



Inflorescence usually several-many-flowered. 8. R. procumhens. 



Inflorescence usually 1-2-flowered. f). R. Bfiilei/anus. 



Stems bristly and prickly, sometimes merely bristly. 10. R. hispidiis. 

 Leaflets leathery : leaves persistent, evergreen. 10. R. hispidus. 



1. R. occidentalis L. Straggling shrub, with glaucous prickle-armed branches 

 1-3 m. long: leaflets 3-5; blades ovate to obovate, 2-8 cm. long, acute or acu- 

 minate, incised-serrate, sometimes lobed: sepals oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceo- 

 late, 5-6 mm. long, acuminate: petals white, spatulate or cuneate-spatulate,. 

 4^5 mm. long, obtuse: fruits hemispheric, black or purple-black, 8-12 mm. 

 broad. — Common, ou roadsides and in thickets and open woods. — Black- 

 raspberry. Thimbleberry. 



2. R. strigosus Michx. Branching shrub 1-2 m. tall, with more or less densely ' 

 bristly foliage: leaflets 3-5; blades ovate to oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 or rarely elliptic, 2-8 cm. long, acute or acuminate, slightly serrate, sometimea 

 slightly lobed, glabrous above or nearly so, white-tomentose beneath: hypan- 

 thium bristly: sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 5-6 mm. long: petals white, 

 euneate or oblanceolate, about 5 mm. long, ascending, obtuse : fruits high- 

 hemispheric, light-red^ or rarely white, 8-10 mm. broad. — W. Bather rare, on 

 the banks of the Susquehanna river. — Sandstones and shales, limestones. — 

 Eed-raspberry. 



3. R. phoenicolasius Maxim. Much-branched shrub, the stems 2-2.5 m. long, 

 like the branches and petioles, with reddish or purplish gland-tipped bristly 



