CELASTEACEAE. 183 



2. I. laevigata (Pursh) A. Gray. Shrub, or small tree rarely 6 m. tall, with 

 glabrous twigs: leaf -blades thinnish, elliptic or oval, or sometimes lanceolate 

 or oblanceolate, 3-9 cm. long, acute or mostly acuminate, appressed-serrate, 

 glabrous on both surfaces or sometimes sparingly pubescent on the veins be- 

 neath: staminate calyx 3.5-4 mm. wide: staminate corolla 6-7.5 mm. wide: 

 drupes 8-10 mm. in diameter, orange-red. — S. Eare, in woods. — Schists. — 

 Smooth-winterbkrry. 



3. I. opaca Ait. Tree 15 m. tall or less, the bark white or pale-gray: leaf- 

 blades oval, elliptic, or obovate, 4-10 cm. long, spine-toothed or individually 

 entire, lustrous and dark-green above, pale and dull beneath: corolla 5.5-6.5 

 mm. broad: drupes globose or globose-ovoid, about 1 cm. in diameter, red or 

 rarely yellow. — S. Frequent, in woods on the banks and islands of the lower 

 Susquehanna. — Schists. — American-holly. 



Family 3. CELASTEACEAE. Staff-tree Family. 



Shrubs or trees, or vines. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled: 

 blades simple. Flowers perfect, polygamous, or dioecious, variously borne. 

 Calyx of 3-5 sepals. Corolla of 3-5 petals. Androecium of 3-5 stamens 

 borne on or under the disk. Gynoecium of 3-5 united carpels. Fruit a 

 capsule, a drupe or a berry. Seed often arillate. 



Flowers borne in axillary cymes, or solitary : fruits 3-5-iobecI : leaves opposite. 



1. EUONTMUS. 



Flowers borne in terminal racemes or panicles : fruits terete : leaves 



alternate. 2. Celastrus. 



1. EUONYMUS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs, trees, or rarely vines. Leaves 

 opposite: blades entire or toothed. Flowers perfect. Sepals 4 or 5. Petals 4 

 or 5. Stamens 4 or 5, borne on the lobes of the disk : filaments very short : 

 anther-sacs diverging. Stigmas 3-5. — Early sum. 



Capsules warty, shallowly lobed : leaf-blades short-petioled or nearly sessile : parts of 

 the flower usually in fives. 1. E. americanus. 



Capsules smooth, deeply lobed : leaf-blades rather long- 



petioled : parts of the flower usually in fours. 2. E. atropurpureus. 



1. E. americanus L. Erect or straggling shrub 2 m. tall or less: leaf -blades 

 oval to lanceolate, 2-10 cm. long, acute or acuminate, crenate-serrate: calyx 

 about 5 mm. wide; sepals usually 5, equal: corolla mostly over 1 cm. wide; 

 petals greenish or greenish-purple: filaments arising from the edge of the disk; 

 anthers fully 1 mm. wide: seed-body 4.5-5.5 mm. long. — S. Not common, 

 in thickets near the Susquehanna. — Schists. — Strawberry-bush. 



2. E. atropurpureus Jacq. Erect shrub, or tree becoming 8 m. tall: leaf- 

 blades oblong, elliptic, oval, ovate, or obovate, 5-16 cm. long, short-acuminate, 

 serrate: calyx about 4 mm. wide; sepals usually 4, in unequal pairs: corolla 

 mostly less than 1 cm. wide ; petals dark-purple : filaments arising from the 

 top of the disk ; anthers less than 1 mm. wide : seed-body 8-9 mm. long. — M. 

 S. Not common, in thickets and on river-banks and creek-banks. — Limestones. 

 Schists. — BuRNiNG-BusH. Waahoo. Spindle-tree. Bleeding-heart. 



2. CELASTRUS L. Vines with woody stems. Leaves alternate, decid- 

 uous: blades membranous, broad, entire or toothed. Flowers inclined to be 

 dioecious, racemose or paniculate. Sepals 5. Petals 5. Stamens 5, borne at 

 the sinuses of the disk. Capsules in drooping clusters. 



1. C. scandens L. Diffuse climber: leaf -blades elliptic, oval, or oblong, vary- 

 ing to ovate or obovate, 6-10 cm. long, serrate: panicles drooping: corolla 

 greenish, about 8 mm. broad : capsules subglobose, about 1 cm. in diameter. 



