194 



VIOLACEAE. 



Plants with villous foliage : seeds 



brown. 

 Plants with nearly or quite glabrous 

 foliage : seeds buff. 

 Earliest and latest leaves with entire or 

 merely toothed blades, the others usu- 

 ally 'pedately 3-7-lobed, -parted or 

 -divided. 

 All leaves with entire or merely toothed 

 blades. 

 Plants with nearly or quite glabrous 



foliage. 

 Plants with markedly pubescent foliage. 

 Leaves with villous petioles and lower 

 blade-surface : seeds dark-brown. 

 Leaves with hirsutulous upper and 

 glabrous lower surface : seeds buff. 

 Cleistogamous flowers on ascending or erect 

 peduncles. 

 Cleistogamous flowers ovoid, on long ascend- 

 ing peduncles : capsules brown. 

 Cleistogamous flowers subulate or sagittate, 

 on erect peduncles : capsules green. 

 Spurred petal glabrous ; lateral petals 

 bearded with clavate hairs : leaves gla- 

 brous ; blades broadly ovate-cordate, 

 toothed. 

 Spurred petal villous at the base; lat- 

 eral petals bearded with capillary 

 hairs. 

 Plants with finely pubescent foliage. 

 Plants with nearly or quite glabrous 

 foliage. 

 Leaf-blades lanceolate to oblong- 

 lanceolate, incised at the base. 

 Leaf-blades deltoid to broadly 

 ovate, coarsely toothed at the 

 base. 

 Corolla white or yellow and sometimes dark-streaked : 

 plants stoloniferous. 

 Corolla white. 



Cleistogamous flowers on prostrate peduncles, 

 their capsules ovoid, commonly reddish- 

 brown : plants of cold ravines and low rich 

 woods. 

 Cleistogamous flowers on erect peduncles, their 

 capsules ellipsoid, green : plants of open 

 bogs or swamps. 

 Leaf-blades broad. 



Leaf-blades broadly cordate-ovate : seeds 



1 mm. long. 

 Leaf-blades oblong to ovate : seeds 1.5 

 mm. long. 

 Leaf-blades narrow, lanceolate to narrowly 

 elliptic. 

 Corolla yellow. 

 Flowers very fragrant : naturalized plant. 

 Plants caulescent : flowers axillary. 



Style-tip slender or enlarged, but not hollow at the apex : 

 stipules entire or bristly toothed. 

 Style-tip swollen : corolla-spur short : stipules nearly 

 entire. 

 Petals yellow. 



Basal leaves usually 1-3 : plants sparingly pubes- 

 cent. 

 Basal leaves usually wanting : plants markedly 

 pubescent. 

 Petals white within, usually violet without. 

 Style-tip slender : corolla-spur at least twice as long 

 as thick : stipules bristly toothed. 

 Spur short, less than 8 mm. long : lateral petals 

 bearded. 

 Corolla white or cream-colored. 

 Corolla violet-blue. 

 Spur elongate, over 10 mm. long : lateral petals 

 beardless. 

 Style-tip markedly swollen, the globose apex hollow : stip- 

 ules foliaceous, pectinate at the base. 



2. V. palmata. 



3. V. Stoneana. 



4. V. triloia. 



5. V. papilionacea. 



6. V. sororia. 



7. V. liirsuUtla. 



8. V. afjfnis. 



9. V. cucullata. 



10. V. fimbriatula. 



11. V. sagittata. 



12. y. emarginata. 



13. V. Manda. 



14. V. pollens. 



15. V. priinulifolia. 



16. V. lanceolata. 



17. V. rotundifolia. 



18. V. odorata. 



19. V. eriocarpa. 



20. V. puhescens. 



21. V. canadensis. 



22. V. striata. 



23. V. conspersa. 



24. V. rostrata. 



