224 OLEACEAE. 



Fruit a samara : leaf-blades pinnately compound. 1. Fraxinds. 



Fruit fleshy, a drupe or a berry : leaf-blades simple. 



Corolla of nearly distinct petals : flowers in drooping 



panicles. 2. Chionanthus. 



Corolla of united petals : flowers in erect panicles. 3. Ligusteum. 



1. FEAXINUS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite: blades 

 unequally pinnate. Flowers polygamous, dioecious, or rarely perfect, in clus- 

 ters or panicles. Calyx unequally 4-lobed, or obsolete. Corolla of 2-4 petals, 

 or wanting. Stamens 2 or rarely 3 or 4. Stigma 2-lobed. Samara winged at 

 the tip or all around. — Spr. — AsH. 



Samara-wing extending along the sides of the slender body. 1. F. pennsylvanica. 



Samara-wing terminal on the stout body. 



Samara-body long, several times as long as thick, tapering 

 to the base ; wing with decidedly curved sides : leaves 

 glabrous. 2. F. amcricana. 



Samara-body short, about twice as long as thick, abruptly 

 narrowed at the base ; wing with parallel or almost 

 parallel sides : leaves pubescent. 3. F. hiltniorcana. 



1. F. pennsylvanica Marsh. Tree becoming 26 m. tall, the twigs pubescent or 

 glabrous: leaflets .5-7; blades of the lateral ones lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, 

 or elliptic, .5-15 cm. long, undulate or irregularly serrulate: samaras 2-6 cm. 

 long, the wing linear or nearly so. — Common, in low grounds. — Eed-ash. 



2. F, americana L. Tree becoming 40 m. tall, the twigs glabrous: leaflets 

 5-9 ; blades of the lateral ones lanceolate, oblong, or elliptic, 5-15 cm. long, 

 relatively thin, entire or shallowly toothed: samaras 2.5-3.5 cm. long, the wing 

 linear-spatulate or oblong-spatulate, terminal or nearly so on the oblong- 

 cylindric body. — Common, in low rich woods and on hillsides. — White-ash. 



3. F. biltmoreana Beadle. Tree becoming 18 m. tall, the twigs densely soft- 

 pubescent: leaflets 7-9; blades of the lateral ones ovate to oblong-lanceolate, 

 7-14 cm. long, relatively thick, entire or obscurely toothed: samaras 3.5-5 cm. 

 long, the wing linear or nearly so, terminal or nearly so on the stout elliptic 

 body. — S. Occasional, especially at McCall 's Ferry. — Schists. 



2. CHIONANTHUS L. Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite: blades simple. 

 Flowers perfect or polygamous, in drooping festoon-like panicles. Calyx deeply 

 4-lobed. Corolla white: lobes narrow, many times longer than the tube. Sta- 

 mens 2 : filaments adnate to the corolla-tube. Stigma notched or 2-lobed. 

 Drupe oval to subglobose. 



1. C. virginica L. Shrub, or tree rarely 10 m. tall: leaf-blades oval, oblong, 

 or elliptic, varying to obovate, 5-15 cm. long: panicles 5-20 cm. long: calyx- 

 lobes ovate to lanceolate, acute: petals linear, 1.5-2.5 cm. long: drupes 1.5-2 

 cm. long, deep-purple or nearly black. — S. Eather common, in damp woods. 

 — Schists. — Spr. — Fringe-tree. Old-man's beard. Flowering-ash. Sun- 

 flower-tree. 



3. LIGUSTRUM [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite: blades 

 simple. Flowers perfect, in erect panicles. Calyx shallowly 4-lobed or nearly 

 truncate. Corolla white or greenish, funnelform: lobes broad, about as long 

 as the tube. Stigmas 2 : filaments adnate to the corolla-tube. Stigma 2-lobed. 

 Drupe mostly subglobose. 



1. L. VTilgare L. Shrub becoming 3 m. tall: leaves tardily deciduous; blades 

 oblong, elliptic, or oblong-lanceolate, 1-6 cm. long, entire: calyx fully 1 mm. 

 long : corolla 4-6 mm. long : drupes 6-8 mm. in diameter, black. — M. S. 

 Common, on roadsides and in thickets. Nat. of Eu. — Sum. — Privet. Prim. 



