GENTIANACEAE. 225 



Order GENTIANALES. 



Herbs, shrubs, or trees, sometimes aquatic or humus plants or vines. 



Leaves mainly ojiposite : blades simple or 3-foliolate. Flowers mostly 



perfect, solitary or in cymes. Calyx of 5 partially united sepals, or more 



or fewer. Corolla of 5 partially united petals, or moi'e or fewer. Androe- 



cium of as many stamens as there are eorolla-lobes : filaments often par- 



tialh' adnate to the corolla-tube. Gynoecium of 2 more or less united 



earjiels. Fruit capsular, baccate, or drupaceous. 



Leaves opposite : corolla-lobes convolute or imbricate in the bud. 



Fam. 1. Gentianiaceae. 

 Leaves alternate : corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate. Fam. 2. Menyakthaceae. 



Family 1. GENTIANACEAE. Gentian Family. 



Annual or perennial caulescent herbs, or rarely shrubs. Leaves 

 typically opposite : blades entire, sometimes connate. Flowers perfect, 

 solitary or variously clustered. Calyx of 2, 4 or 5, or more, partly united 

 sepals, persistent. Corolla of 4 or 5, or more, partly united petals, vary- 

 ing from rotate to tubi;lar. Androecium of as many stamens as there are 

 corolla-lobes, the filaments partly adnate to the corolla-tube. Gynoecium 

 of 2 united cai-pels. Fruit a capsule. 



Corolla-lobes convolute in the bud : leaves vpith dilated blades present. 



Style filiform, mostly deciduous : anthers recurving or twisting at maturity. 

 Stigmas roundish, much shorter than the style. 1. Centaurium. 



Stigmas linear or nearly so, about as long as the style. 2. Sabbatia. 

 Style stout, short or wanting : anthers straight at maturity. 

 Corolla without plaits in the sinuses of the lobes : calyx 



without an Interior membrane. 3. Anthopogox. 



Corolla with plaits in the sinuses of the lobes : calyx 



with an interior membrane. 4. Dasystephana. 



Corolla-lobes imbricate in the bud : leaves, or those of stem, 

 reduced to scales. 

 Calyx-lobes 2, broadened upward : petals well united. 5. Obolaria. 



Calyx-lobes 4, narrowed upward : petals slightly united. 6. Baetonia. 



1. CENTAURIUM Hill. Annual, biennial, or sometimes perennial, rela- 

 tively small herbs. Flowers in terminal cymes. Calyx-lobes 4 or 5, keeled. 

 Corolla white, or commonly deep-pink or rose-purple, salverform: lobes 4 or 5, 

 shorter than the tube, often strongly involute and thus acuminate. 



1. C. pulchellum (Sw.) Druce. Stem 3-25 cm. tall: blades of the upper leaves 

 oblong to ovate, 5-20 mm. long, obtuse: calyx 6-8 mm. long: corolla 9-10 mm. 

 long; lobes oblong-ovate, 5-6.5 nmi. long, obtuse: capsule 7.5-8 mm. long. 

 — Common, on roadsides and in waste places. Nat. of Eu. — Sum. — 

 Centaury. 



2. SABBATIA Adans. Annual or biennial, relatively slender herbs. 

 Flowers solitary or in cymes. Calyx-lobes 4-12, narrow. Corolla white, or of 

 pale tints, often with a distinct eye, rotate: lobes entire, longer than the tube. 



1. S. angularis (L.) Pursh. Stem 3-8 dm. tall: blades of the upper leaves 

 ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1..5-3 cm. long: flowers fragrant: calyx 7-8 mm. 

 long; lobes much longer than the tube: corolla typically deep-pink; lobes 10-18 

 mm. long: capsules 4.5-5,5 mm. long. — N. E. Eather common, on serpentine 

 especially. — Sum. — Eose-pixk. Bitter-bloom. 



3. ANTHOPOGON Neck. Annual, biennial, or rarely perennial herbs. 

 Flowers solitary at the ends of the stem and its branches, the whorls mostly 



Lancaster County Flora 15. 



