EUBIACEAE. 271 



Peduncles and pedicels solitary : creeping plants : corolla salverform. 



1. H. caerulea. 

 Peduncles and pedicels aggregated in cymes : erect plants : corolla 



funnelform. 2. H. longifolia. 



1. H. caerulea L. Plants often in mats, slender, 2-15 cm. tall: leaf -blades 

 oval, ovate or spatulate, 2-5 mm. long: corolla lilac, blue, or white, except tlie 

 yellow eye; lobes 5-7 mm. long: capsules 3-4 mm. wide. — Common, in damp 

 grassy places and meadows. — Spr. and sum. — Bluets. Innocence. 



2. H. longifolia Gaertn. Plants 1-4 dm. tall, often tufted, stoutish: blades 

 of the stem-leaves linear to linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, 1-.3 cm. long: 

 sepals linear-subulate to lanceolate-subulate, 1.5-2 mm. long, slightly longer 

 than the hypanthium : corolla pinkish or bluish ; tube about 4 mm. long : cap- 

 sules 2-2.5 mm. thick. — Susquehanna valley. Occasional, on rocky banks. — 

 Sum. 



2. CEPHAIiANTHUS L. Shrubs or trees. Leaf -blades thinnish. Flow- 

 ers in capitate cymes. Sepals usually 4, rounded. Corolla with a long tube 

 and usually 4 short lobes. Stamens usually 4: filaments adnate to the throat 

 of the corolla: anthers oblong or nearly so. Nut-like fruits obpyramidal, in 

 a firm globose head. 



1. C. occidentalis L. Shrub or small tree : leaf -blades oblong, lanceolate, or 

 ovate-lanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, short-petioled : flower-heads globose, 2.5-3.5 

 cm. thick: sepals about 0.5 mm. long: corolla white, about 10 mm. long; lobes 

 ovate to oblong-ovate: nutlets 7-8 mm. long. — Common, in swamps and low 

 thickets. — Sum. — Buttonbush. 



3. MITCHELLA L. Undershrubs with creeping stems. Leaf -blades 

 leathery. Plowers in pairs, the hypanthia coalescent. Sepals usually 4, short. 

 Corolla with a relatively long tube and usually 4 short lobes. Stamens 4: 

 filaments adnate to near the top of the corolla-tube: anthers oblong. Drupes 

 paired. 



1. M. repens L. Stem and branches matted, 1-4 dm. long : leaf -blades ovate to 

 orbicular, or elliptic, 8-30 mm. long: sepals deltoid, less than 1 mm. long: 

 corolla white or pinkish; tube 9-12 mm. long; lobes ovate to oblong: fruit 

 globular, 7-10 mm. thick, red or white, aromatic. — Common, in damp woods 

 or on shaded banks. — Spr. — Twin-berry. Partridge-berry. 



4. DIODELLA Small. Annual diffuse herbs. Leaf-blades soft-herba- 

 ceous. Flowers axillary. Sepals 4. Corolla with a relatively short thick tube 

 and 4 broad lobes. Stamens 4: filaments adnate up to the top of the corolla- 

 tube, the free portions very short: anthers oval or ovoid. Stigma capitate or 

 2-lobed. Capsular fruit crustaceous, lobed. 



1. D. teres (Walt.) Small. Stem or branches 1-4 dm. long, spreading or 

 creeping, pubescent: leaf -blades linear or narrowly linear-lanceolate, 1-4 cm. 

 long: sepals 4, acute, 1.5-2 mm. long: corolla white or pinkish; tube 5-6 mm. 

 long; lobes ovate to oblong-ovate: fruits obovoid, 2-3 mm. long. — N. S. 

 Common, on dry sandy banks. — Sandstones and shales, schists. — Sum. — 

 Button-weed. 



5. GALIUM L. Perennial, or sometimes annual, weak spreading herbs. 

 Leaves with blades and stipules about equal in size. Flowers in simple or 

 branched cymes. Sepals usually obsolete. Corolla rotate, with 3-5 lobes. 

 Stamens 3-5. Fruit globular or didymous. — Bedstraw. Cleavers. 



