274 CAPEIFOLIACEAE. 



Flowers in axillary or terminal clusters or open cymes : 

 shrubs or vines. 

 Fruit baccate : seeds few. 



Corolla regular or nearly so ; tube short. 4. Symphoricaefos. 



Corolla irregular ; limb 2-lipped ; tube elongate. 

 Flowers in pairs each of which terminates an 

 axillary peduncle, accompanied by a pair of 

 bracts and bractlets. 5. Nintooa. 



Flowers in whorls at or near the ends of the 

 branches, the bracts and usually some of the 

 upper leaves connate-perfoliate. 6. Lonicera. 



Fruit capsular : seeds numerous. 7. Diervilla. 



1. SAMBUCUS [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees, with pithy stems. Leaf- 

 blades pinnate. Flowers in thyrsoid or flat-topped cymes. Sepals minute. 

 Anthers oblong or oval. Ovary 3-5-celled. Drupes with 3-5 nutlets. — Spr. 



— Elder. 



Cymes compact, rounded : fruits red. 1. 8. puiens. 



Cymes flat-topped : fruits purple to black. 2. S. canadensis. 



1. S. pubens Michx. Shrub: leaflets 5-7, the blades lanceolate, oblong or 

 oblanceolate, or nearly oval, 5-15 cm. long: cymes thyrsoid: corolla 4-5 mm. 

 wide : drupes 4-6 mm. in diameter. — Susquehanna valley and banks of the 

 Octoraro Creek. On shaded hillsides. — Red-berried elder. 



2. S. canadensis L. Shrub or small tree: leaflets 5-11, the blades oblong to 

 ovate or oval, 3-14 cm. long, serrate with incurved teeth: cymes merely con- 

 vex : corolla 5-6 mm. wide : drupes 4-6 mm. in diameter. — Common, in waste 

 places, woods, and thickets. — Common-elder. 



2. VIBURNUM [Tourn.] L. Shrubs or trees, the stems not pithy. Leaf- 

 blades simple. Flowers in round-topped cymes. Sepals minute. Anthers 

 oblong. Ovary 1-celled. Drupes with a single nutlet. — Spr. and early sum. 



— Arrow-wood. 



Leaf-blades palmately veined or lobed. 1. V. acerifoUnm. 



Leaf-blades pinnately veined. 

 Cymes manifestly peduncled. 

 Leaf-blades coarsely dentate. 



Lower surface of the leaf-blades glabrous or merely 



tufted in the vein-axils. 2. V. dentatum. 



Lower surface of the leaf-blades stellate-pubescent. 3. V. venosum. 

 Leaf-blades entire or irregularly erose-crenulate. 



Peduncle as long as the cyme or longer : leaf-blades 



shining above. 4. V. nudum. 



Peduncle shorter than the cyme : leaf-blades dull above. 



5. V. cassinoides. 

 Cymes sessile or nearly so. 



Leaf-blades prominently acuminate, serrate. 6. V. Lentago. 



Leaf-blades obtuse or merely acute, serrulate. 7. V. priinifolitim. 



1. V. acerifolium L. Erect shrub: leaf -blades prominently 3-Iobed, 4-10 cm. 

 long: sepals reniform, about 0.5 mm. long: hypanthium glabrous or nearly so: 

 corolla-lobes mostly reniform: drupes oval, 9-10 mm. long, black or purple- 

 black. — Common, in woods and thickets. 



2. V. dentatum L. Shrub: leaf -blades suborbicular, oval, or ovate, sharply 

 dentate, 3-8 cm. long: corolla-lobes reniform: filaments much exceeding the 

 corolla-lobes: drupes globose-ovoid, 5-6 mm. long, deep-blue or nearly black. 



— Common, in woods and thickets. 



3. V. venosum Britton. Shrub: leaf -blades thickish, suborbicular, broadly 

 ovate, or elliptic, crenate-dentate, 4-9 cm. long, dull: corolla 5-8 mm. wide: 

 filaments slightly exceeding the corolla-lobes: drupes globose-ovoid, 6-7 mm. 

 long, deep-blue. — E. S. Occasional, in swamps. — Quartzite, schists. 



