LOBELIACEAE. 281 



2. CAMPANTJLASTEUM Small. Annual or biennial herbs. Leaf-blades 

 toothed. Flowers perfect and complete. Hypanthium elongate in age. Co- 

 rolla rotate. Stamens exserted. Capsule opening by subapical valves. Seeds 

 flattish, broad, margined. 



1. C. americanum (L.) Small. Plants 2-20 dm. tall, often widely branched: 

 blades of the upper leaves usually lanceolate, 5-12 cm. long, acuminate: 

 sepals linear-subulate, 6-10 mm. long: corolla blue or white; lobes 10-13 em. 

 long: capsules turbinate-clavate, 8-10 mm. long: seeds oval, about 1.5 mm. 

 long. — Common, in thickets and open woods. — Sum. 



3. SPECULARIA [Heist.] Fabr. Annual or biennial herbs. Leaf -blades 

 toothed. Flowers dimorphous, the earlier ones with 3 or 4 sepals and unde- 

 veloped corollas, the later ones with 5 sepals and rotate corollas. Capsules 

 prismatic. — Venus 's looking-glass. 



Sepals of the showy flowers lanceolate : capsule short, broad. 1. S. perfoUata. 

 Sepals of the showy flowers linear : capsule elongate, narrow. 2. S. Speculum. 



1. S. perfoliata (L.) A. DC. Stems 1-5 dm. tall: leaf -blades suborbicular to 

 triangular-ovate: corolla blue, 10-15 mm. wide: capsules oblong-prismatic or 

 obconic, 5-6 mm. long: seeds oval, about 0.5 mm. long. — Common, in fields 

 and waste places. - — Sum. 



2. S. Speculum (L.) A. DC. Stems 1-4 dm. tall, glabrous or sparingly 

 pubescent above : leaf -blades obovate, oblanceolate, oblong, or ovate-oblong, 

 1-3 cm. long, undulate-crisped, sessile: calyx of the petaliferous flowers with 

 5 narrowly linear sepals which are shorter than the hypanthium: corolla blue, 

 about 2 cm. wide: capsules slender-fusiform, 1-1.5 cm. long: seeds oblong, 

 fully 1 mm. long. — S. Rare, in fields near Wakefield. Nat. of Eu. — Sum. 



Family 3. LOBELIACEAE. Lobelia Family. 



Herbs, or rarely trees, the sap often milky. Leaves alternate : blades 

 entire, toothed, or parted. Flowers perfect, or rarely dioecious, irregular 

 Calyx of 5 sepals. Corolla more or less 2-lipped, tli€ tube open on one side. 

 Androecium of 5 stamens, the filaments sometimes cohering. Gynoecium 

 mostly 2-carpellary, the ovary more or less inferior. Fruit capsular or 

 baccate. 



1. LOBELIA [Plum.] L. Annual or i^erennial herbs. Leaf-blades entire 

 or toothed. Flowers in spikes, racemes, or panicles. Hypanthium mostly 

 ribbed. Sepals entire or often glandular-toothed, sometimes with basal ap- 

 pendages. Corolla variously colored or white: upper lip 2-lobed: lower lip 3- 

 lobed. Anthers in a ring around the style, 2 often smaller than the others. 

 Ovary 2-celled. Capsule 2-valved. 



Corolla red ; tube over 2 cm. long : style and androecium over .S cm. long. 



1. L. cardinnlif!. 

 Corolla blue or rarely white ; tube less than 2 cm. long : style and androecium less 

 than 3 cm. long. 

 Corolla, exclusive of the lower lip, over 10 mm. long. 



Anthers glabrous at the tip : calyx-appendages long, 



acute. 2. L. si/philitica. 



Anthers bearded at the tip : calyx-appendages short, 



rounded. 3. L. pubcrida. 



Corolla, exclusive of the lower lip, less than 10 mm. long. 

 Flowers short-stalked : stem-leaves with relatively broad 

 blades. 

 Capsule partly inferior, 2.5-3 mm. long. 4. L. spicata. 



Capsule wholly inferior, 5-8 mm. long. 5. L. inflata. 



Flowers long-stalked : stem-leaves with very narrow 



blades. 6. L. Kalmii. 



