24 BULLETIN 4S, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



The interest "wbicli attaches to the osteology of tlie hind extremity 

 has led me to give in more detail the following: 



In pteropines the ilium is curved outward to a slight degree at the 

 crest. The ridge from the upper border of the acetabulum is inconspic- 

 uous and does not extend entire length of ilium; thus the ventral and 

 dorsal surfaces are not separated and there is no special external bor- 

 der near the crest. The tuberosity of the ischium is deflected markedly 

 from the line of the ilium and lies against the coccyx. The pubis is 

 thickened inferiorly; the ]>ectiueal spine is absent or scarcely discern- 

 ible. 



In Mipposideros among the rhinolophines the il'mm is expanded and 

 is concave on both dorsal and ventral surfaces. The broad crest ex- 

 tends outward and unites by a Inroad thin flange to the tip of the long 

 pectineal spine. Tuberosity of the ischium not projected backward; 

 nearly the entire pubis and ischium converted into a broad plate of 

 bone at the expense of the thyroid foramen. Symphysis pubis long, 

 entire. The trochanters of the femur are drawn backward and ap- 

 proximated; the inner trochanter is the longer; the outer side of the 

 shaft below the head furnished with a flange. The condyles small and 

 separated by a wide notch. In the tibia the spiue for hamstrings com- 

 pressed. Internal tuberosity i^rolonged; no mallelus. 



In phyllostomines the ilium is not deflected at crest. As seen in Arti- 

 heus the ridge above the acetabulum is rudimental as in pteropines — 

 the ventral and dorsal surfaces therefore scarcely distinguished. The 

 external border below the crest is rugose and enormously thickened. 

 The ischium is turned but slightly toward the coccyx. The inferior 

 border of the pubis produced inward as a long blunt process and the 

 upper border forms a long, acicular process (pectineal eminence) which 

 extends one-half the length of the ilium. The trochanters of the femur 

 not carried back, the outer not separated from the head by a notch. 

 The inner is much longer than the outer. The shaft at its inner side 

 at the i)roximal fifths exhibits a conspicuous crest. The condyles are 

 of equal size. Above them posteriorly is a depression (best marked 

 over inner condyle) to receive in forced flexion the j)osterior border of 

 the articular surface of the tibia. Intercondylar notch, pit-like. Prox- 

 imal end of the tibia with scarcely any inward projecting process; 

 malleolus none; tubercle for insertion of hamstrings markedly devel- 

 oped; surface for articulation with the fibula rugose. 



In Hemiderma the innominate is much as in Arfiheus, but the pubis 

 not projecting or thickened; the pectineal spine but one-third the 

 length of the ilium. The femur quite as in this genus, but the outer 

 trochanter separated by a notch from the head. In Macrotus tlie in- 

 nominate bone much the same as above, but the pectineal spine over 

 one-half the length of the ilium. The trochanters of the femur ajjproxi- 

 mated and carried well to the back of the shaft. The fibula only half 

 the length of the tibia. 



In Mormojys the ilium is greatly comi^ressed between the ventral and 



