168 CAMPANULALES 



Rays present if wanting the flowers bright yellow or the 

 marginal pistillate. 3. Astereae. 



Involucral bracts little if at all imbricated. 



Pappus of chaffy scales or wanting. 7. Helenieae. 



Pappus of capillary bristles. 9. Senecioneae. 



Receptacle chaffy; pappus never of capillary bristles. 



5. Heliantheae. 

 Flowers all staminate or pistillate; rays wanting; pappus want- 

 ing or reduced to a mere ring or border. 6. Ambroseae. 

 Involucral bracts scarious. 

 Anthers caudate at the base; pappus usually capillary. 



4. Inuleae. 

 Anthers not caudate at the base; pappus never capillary. 



8. Anthemideae. 

 Receptacle densely bristly; true rays never present. 10. Cynareae. 

 Flowers all ligulate and perfect; plants with milky juice. 



11. Chicorieae. 



Tribe 1. VERNONIEAE. 



Vernonia. 918. 



Leaves lanceolate, pinnately veined. 



Involucral bracts with recurved or spreading tips. 



1. V. baldwinll. 



Involucral bracts with appressed tips. 2. V. fasciculata. 



Leaves linear, one nerved. 3. V. marginata. 



1. Veronica baldwinii Torr. Western Ironweed. 

 A common weed in dry soil. Arcadia; Bertrand; Callaway; Minden; 

 Red Cloud; Weeping Water. 



2. Vernonia fasciculata Michx. Western Ironweed. 

 A common weed especially in low pastures. Bellevue; Culbertson; 

 Grand Island; Grand Rapids; Laurel; Lincoln; Minden; Nemaha; 

 Red Cloud; Wahoo; Valentine. 



3. Vernonia marginata (Torr.) Britton. 

 Vernonia jamesil T. & G. 



In dry prairies. Fremont. 



Tribe 2. EUPATORIEAE. 



Heads in broad cymes or panicles. 

 Pappus merely scabrous, not plumose. 

 Leaves usually narrowed at the base, not cordate, achene 5- 

 angled. 1. Eupatorium. 



Leaves broad and cordate at the base, achene 10-ribbed .pr 10- 

 striate. 2. Coleosanthus. 



Pappus plumose, achenes 8-10 striate. 3. Kuhnia. 



Heads in elongated spikes or racemes, pappus often plumose. 



4. Lacinaria. 



