56 FAUNA AND FLORA OF PALESTINE. 



Not uncommon in Asia Minor. Palestine appears to be its ordinary 

 South-eastern limit. 



86. AniJms trivialis. (Linn. Syst. Nat. i., p. 288, No. 5.) Tree 

 Pipit. 



The Tree Pipit occurs throughout Palestine in winter. In spring I 

 found it paired and very abundant in the north in iSSi, in the very places 

 where it had appeared scarce in 1864. 



The Tree Pipit enjoys a wide range over the whole of Northern 

 Europe and Asia in summer, and in winter as far south as Caftraria 

 in Africa, and India and China in Asia, and has even been found at 

 Batchian. 



%"], Anthns cervimis. (Pall. Zoog. R. A. i., p. 511.) Red-throated 

 Pipit. 



This is a scarce winter visitant to Palestine. 



It is found throughout Europe, North Africa as far as Abyssinia, and 

 the whole of Asia, but more plentiful in the eastern than western 

 regions. 



88. Anllms spipoletfa {\spinolctta misprint]. Linn. Syst. Nat. i., 

 p. 288.) Water Pipit. 



The Water Pipit is found in winter in the lower and moist localities, 

 especially in the Jordan valley. 



It is found in moderate numbers in suitable situations throughout 

 Central and Southern Europe and Asia, and North Africa. 



89. Anthns campcstris. (Linn. Syst. Nat. i., p. 2S8.) Tawny Pipit. 



The Tawny Pipit is the Pipit of Palestine, residing throughout the 

 year, and breeding in all the uplands and open parts of the country. In 

 the semi-tropical Jordan valley I have not observed it. 



The Tawny Pipit occurs scantily in Northern Europe, more plentifully 

 in all the countries bordering on the Mediterranean ; and extends very 

 far south in Africa. In Asia it does not extend far north, but is found In 

 Persia and the North-west Provinces of India, which appear to be Its 

 limit. 



