A VES. 99 



of Lebanon and Hermon. It is scarcely necessary to state that the 

 natives do not discriminate the various species of Eagles. 



The home of the Golden Eagle embraces the whole of the northern 

 hemisphere, from Lapland, Siberia, and Arctic America southwards to the 

 Sahara, the Himalayas, China, Pennsylvania and California. 



200. Aquila Jieliaca. Savigny. Descript. Egypte, p. 459. Imperial 

 Eagle. 



The Imperial Eagle is more numerous throughout the country than 

 the Golden, nor does it, like its congener, disappear in summer, breeding 

 probably in some of the isolated terebinths in retired districts. The 

 Imperial, unlike the Golden Eagle, prefers trees to cliffs for its nidification. 

 It is bold and comparatively indifferent to the near approach of man, and 

 thus its rich dark plumage, white shoulders, and bronzy head may often 

 be admired at leisure. I have had the young of this Eagle brought to 

 me in the Lebanon, proving that it must breed in the neighbourhood. 



The range of the Imperial is more limited than that of the Golden 

 Eagle. It is found in South-eastern Europe, North-east Africa, and 

 Southern Asia, from Asia Minor as far as China. In Spain it is replaced 

 by the closely allied form, Aquila adalbevti. 



201. Aquila clanga. Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. i., p. 351. Greater 

 Spotted Eagle. 



This Eagle is not uncommon, especially in winter, when it may often 

 be seen sailing over the plains. I have observed it two or three times 

 in Lebanon in the spring, and found its nest once in a tree in the woods 

 between Nazareth and Acre. 



This bird is only a rare straggler in Western and Central Europe. 

 It resides in Southern Russia, Turkey, North-east Africa, Asia Minor, 

 Southern Siberia and India, where it is most numerous, but rarely wanders 

 further east. 



The Lesser Spotted Eagle, Aquila pomarina, Brehm., Vog. Deutschl., 

 p. 27, is only doubtfully to be enumerated among the birds of Palestine. 

 There is one specimen from Beyrout in the Norwich Museum. 



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