92 Origin of the British Flora. 



Rumex. Zannichellia palustris. 



Urtica. Eliocharis acicularis. 



Quercus Robur. Scirpus lacustris. 



Sparganium. Carex riparia (?). 



Alisma Plantago. rostrata. 



Potamogeton heterophyllus. muricata. 



trichoides. Phragmites. 



Ruppia maritima. 



Sweden. 



(Gunnar Andersson, ' Svenska Vaxtvarldens Historia,' 

 8vo, Stockholm, 1896; and ' Geschichte der Vegetation 

 Schwedens,' Englers Bot. Jahrb., Bd. XXII., pp. 434-550. 

 1896.) 



The extensive literature relating to Swedish Quaternary 

 fossil plants has been brought together by Dr. Gunnar 

 Andersson, who refers the deposits to the following five 

 zones, all corresponding, apparently, with our late Glacial 

 and Neolithic, no plant-bearing strata of Interglacial or 

 of Preglacial date being yet known in Sweden. 



5 Spruce Zone. 

 4 Oak Zone. 

 3 Pine Zone. 

 2 Birch Zone. 

 1 Dryas Zone. 



No. 1 corresponds in all probability with the Arctic 

 plant-beds of Hailes, Corstorphine, and Gayfield. 



As Dr. Gunnar Andersson records no fewer than 133 

 species of flowering plants, the table is too long here to be 

 reproduced ; but the range in Sweden, where it supple- 

 ments the British records, is mentioned in the next 

 Chapter under the heading of each species. 



Tilbury, Essex. 



(Spurrell, 'On the Estuary of the Thames and its 

 Alluvium,' Proc. Geol. Assoc, Vol. XL, pp. 210-230. 1889.) 



